Subnets are created in powers of 2 due to the way netmasks work.
To accomodate 10 addresses, you would need a /28 (255.255.255.240) netmask, which would provide 14 usable IP addresses. Here are the details of that mask in a private network address area (192.168.x.x)
Output from the unix "ipcalc" program:
Address: 192.168.1.0 11000000.10101000.00000001.0000 0000
Netmask: 255.255.255.240 = 28 11111111.11111111.11111111.1111 0000
Wildcard: 0.0.0.15 00000000.00000000.00000000.0000 1111
=>
Network: 192.168.1.0/28 11000000.10101000.00000001.0000 0000
HostMin: 192.168.1.1 11000000.10101000.00000001.0000 0001
HostMax: 192.168.1.14 11000000.10101000.00000001.0000 1110
Broadcast: 192.168.1.15 11000000.10101000.00000001.0000 1111
Hosts/Net: 14 Class C, Private internet
With the /28 netmask, 192.168.1.0 is the network address, and unusable. 192.168.1.15 is the broadcast address, and is also non-assignable. This gives 14 usable addresses. A /29 netmask (one bit less) gives 6 usable addresses.
To create 10 subnets, the size of the subnets would need to be known, and the process is similar, but the subnets would have different start and end addresses.
You can borrow 6 bits. Which would create a 255.255.255.252 subnet mask, but this subnet only contains 2 usable IP addresses. 7 bits would be 255.255.255.254, but that subnet is too small to have any use in the real world.
Thirty bits make up the network portion of a class C address. Three bits are borrowed for the subnet mask. There is also a class A and a class B that are comprised of bits.
Since this is a class B network you have borrowed 8 bits for subnets. This leaves 8 bits left (1 octet) for clients/workstations. That gives you a maximum of 254 clients per subnet.
The subnet mask itself is an IP Address so it is also 32 bits
we need to borrow 7 bits to subnet 172.16.100.0 to have at least 500 hosts and the subnet mask will be 255.255.254.0
There are 16 bits available; it is up to you how many of those bits you reserve for the subnet, and how many for the individual hosts within each subnet.
64 bits
The subnet mask for a /26 subnet indicates that the first 26 bits are used for the network portion, leaving 6 bits for the host portion. In this case, the subnet 172.168.2.0/26 can accommodate 2^6 = 64 addresses, but only 62 are usable for hosts (subtracting the network and broadcast addresses). Thus, there are 26 bits designated for the network and 6 bits for hosts within this subnet.
To determine the number of bits in the subnetted ID of 185.27.54.0, you need to know the subnet mask used. However, if it’s a standard Class B address (which uses a default mask of 255.255.0.0), it has 16 bits for the network portion. If the address is subnetted further, additional bits are borrowed from the host portion, increasing the network bit count. For example, if a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 is used, then there would be 24 bits in the subnetted ID.
A subnet with a prefix of /100 indicates that the first 100 bits of the IP address are fixed for the network portion. However, since IPv4 addresses are only 32 bits long, a subnet mask of /100 is not valid in this context. In IPv6, which allows for longer prefixes, a /100 subnet would have 100 bits dedicated to the network, leaving 28 bits for host addresses.
16 bits per block
16 bits per block