You can use any or all of these in cake baking. You cannot necessarily use them interchangeably and expect identical results.
It is quite usual to use both baking soda and baking powder in the same cake, especially if the recipe calls for an acid ingredient like fruit which will activate the baking soda, but in this case the volume of baking powder has usually been reduced. Baking powder mixes usually contain a small proportion of baking soda anyway.
Xanthan gum is most commonly used in making gluten-free products. Gluten is the protein found in flour. Heat, as in baking, toughens protein. Raising agents like baking soda and baking powder give off little bubbles of carbon dioxide during the baking process and these bubbles are held in place by the toughening gluten, rather like little balloons being blown up - this is what causes a cake to rise and hold its shape. Xanthan gum is used in a similar way to add thickness and volume to gluten-free products.
If you are wanting to add these raising agents to make a gluten-free product then read the label on the baking powder - it often contains gluten.
A suitable substitute for baking soda in cake recipes is baking powder.
nope
The cake rises, causing it to be lighter and airier.
Most cake recipes call for baking powder. It will give more lift than soda.
If you only have baking powder and a recipe calls for both baking soda and baking powder, you can generally replace the baking soda with additional baking powder. For every teaspoon of baking soda needed, use about 2 to 3 teaspoons of baking powder, but keep in mind that this may alter the cake's texture and flavor slightly. Additionally, since baking powder already contains an acid, you may want to adjust the recipe by reducing any additional acidic ingredients.
Yes
Self raising flour makes the cake rise, but if you don't have any you can use plain flour and baking powder which has the same effect. 225g plain flour and 4 teaspoons baking powder, will transform it into self raising flour.
Make one with each. The baking powder will perform better.
Yes, it's still effective. Refrigeration will not change the properties of baking soda.
A cake made with baking soda can rise more than a cake made without it because baking soda reacts with acid in the recipe to produce carbon dioxide gas, which creates bubbles in the batter, causing it to rise. On the other hand, a cake without baking soda may rely on other leavening agents like baking powder or beaten eggs to rise, but it may not rise as much as a cake with baking soda.
It's not the milk alone that makes a cake rise. If the recipe includes milk it probably also contains either baking powder and/or baking soda. This combination of a base (Baking soda or Baking Powder) and an acid (milk) causes a slight chemical reaction which causes the cake to rise.
Actually, both are activated by moisture( just a fun fact), but they are used under different conditions.Because baking powder contains baking soda. Also because baking soda does not contain the acidity to make a cake rise.