Ham needs to be cooked to an internal temperature of 145F (63C) to be safe to eat.
A ham needs to reach an internal temperature of 145F (63C) to be safely cooked.
Cod needs to be cooked to an internal temperature of 145F (63C) to ensure it is safe to eat.
I suppose you are referring to poultry and pork. As for poultry, salmonella is present throughout the meat and in pork it's trichinosis, therefore, in order to completely kill the bacteria the meat needs to be cooked to a minimum internal temperature of 140 to 145 degrees. As for beef, the bacteria is on the surface. Minimum cooking is allowed, as in steak tartar tartar. Ground beef contains multiple integrated surface layers and must be cooked to 140/145. Ask your local health department for proper cooking times and temps.
When the poultry is fully cooked, the juices should run clear. If the juices are pinkish in color, it needs to cook longer.
Beer can chicken typically needs to be cooked in the oven for about 1.5 to 2 hours at 375F until the internal temperature reaches 165F.
A brined turkey typically needs to cook for about 15 minutes per pound at 325F until it reaches an internal temperature of 165F.
For an uncooked ham the temperature needs to be 160 degrees. Personally, I find that removing the ham from the oven when the temperature reaches 155 degrees, and letting the ham rest for 15 minutes produces a better product. The internal temperature will rise the extra 5 degrees while resting and allows the juices to become more evenly distributed. If the ham is partially or fully cooked, the internal temperature need only be raised to 135 - 140 degrees.
Internal temperature of pork needs to reach 145° to kill bacteria, so I would cook it to 140° and let it rest 15 minutes to reach an internal temperature of 145°
Cooked meat should not be left at room temperature for more than 2 hours. At that point, it should be refrigerated or reheated. Cooked meat should be cooled at room temperature for an hour then refrigerated. After 2 hours it is not considered safe at room temperature. Food needs to be kept above 140F AFTER being heated to AT LEAST 160F.
Cooked turkey should not be left out at room temperature for more than 2 hours. After this time, it should be promptly refrigerated to prevent the growth of harmful bacteria.
A precooked ham is already cooked and needs only to be heated to a desired temperature, if it is wanted to serve it hot. As a precooked item, it can be sliced and served cold.