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The Endeavour set sail in 1768 primarily for a scientific voyage of exploration and discovery. Commissioned by the British Admiralty, its main objective was to observe the transit of Venus across the sun, which would help in calculating the distance of the Earth from the sun. Additionally, the expedition aimed to explore and map the Pacific Ocean, particularly the coastline of New Zealand and the eastern coast of Australia. This voyage marked a significant moment in the age of exploration, contributing to scientific knowledge and expanding European understanding of the Pacific region.

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The construction of the HMS Endeavour took about 18 months, beginning in 1764 and completing in 1765. Built at the Whitby shipyard in England, the ship was designed for exploration and was famously used by Captain James Cook on his first voyage to the Pacific. The Endeavour was launched on July 21, 1764, and set sail on its historic voyage in 1768.


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