¨Choline is a vitamin-like substance.
¤Assists in homocysteine metabolism
¤Accelerates the synthesis of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter
¤Good sources: milk, liver, eggs, peanuts
¤Deficiency can lead to fat accumulation in the liver
¤Toxicity can result from supplements
¤AI: Adults 19 years and older 550 mg/d for men and 425 mg/d for women
¤UL: 3.5 g/d
acetylcholine (ACh)
acetylcholine~ACh
ach
Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter at the neuromuscular junction.
An example of a drug that blocks release of a neurotransmitter is botulinum toxin (Ach) and atropine.
a neurotransmitter called acetylcholine (ACh) is produced between nerve cells. This neurotransmitter carries the signal (in chemical form) at the synaptic junction.
ACh (acetylcholine) binds to receptors at the NMJ (neuromuscular junction) to induce contraction of muscle.
Firstly, AChE is not a neurotransmitter; it is a protease that cleaves ACh into acetic acid and choline. ACh is a neurotransmitter, AChE is not. AChE is a type of cholinesterase, so they are close, but not quite the same thing.
Acetylcholine is the primary neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction. It is responsible for transmitting signals from motor neurons to muscle fibers, leading to muscle contraction.
Acetylcholine (ACh) is an exitatory neurotransmitter. This means it is released from the synapse of the neurone and promotes the continuation of the AP in the next neurone instead of inhibiting it. ACh is part of the peripheral nervous system and is not very prominent in the central nervous system.
A drug or compound that acts like acetylcholine (ACh). Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter. In the peripheral nervous system (PNS), acetylcholine activates muscles. In the central nervous system (CNS), acetylcholine tends to cause decreased muscle contractions. These two responses are opposite. ACh Receptor agonists (booster of the effect) are used to treat myasthenia gravis and Alzheimer's disease. ACh receptor antagonists block muscle contractions causing paralysis. The bite of the Black Widow spider does this.
Organophosphates (OP) mimic acetylcholine (ACh, a neurotransmitter) and reacts irreversibly with the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). AChE is needed to breakdown ACh after it has been used to send messages across the synapse of a nerve. Without breakdown of ACh, the muscles will be constantly stimulated resulting in paralysis and death