Just for future reference, I would suggest including the options that you would like an answer to be formed from. Unfortunately, I am unable to deduce the answer from the options you have given me.
That said, I'll provide a brief synopsis of protein denaturation that will (hopefully) help you find the answer you are looking for.
Denaturation is a process where a protein loses its structure because of an externally introduced compound or physical stress. Common examples are alcohol, heat, and strong acids and bases (acetic acid or sodium hydroxide for example). This disrupts cellular processes and can ultimately result in cell death.
A practical example occurs in when a process called PCR (polymerase chain reaction) separates the two strands of DNA by breaking the adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine bonds between them. This allows reproduction of millions of strands of DNA, such as is necessary for cloning for genetic fingerprint identification.
The primary structure of the protein, which refers to the sequence of amino acids, would likely not be affected when a protein is denatured. Denaturation usually disrupts the secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures of a protein.
The primary structure of a protein, which is the sequence of amino acids, would not be affected when a protein is denatured. Denaturation typically involves disruption of the higher-order structures such as secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures.
No. Depending on what the protein is, the consequences could be good or bad for some particular individual. If you were about to be injected with snake venom and the venom proteins got denatured, that would be a very good thing for you. If the protein that's being denatured is your own hemoglobin, that's a very bad thing for you.
You certainly can use heat to kill microorganisms in a "protein-rich" solution if you don't care whether the proteins get denatured or not.
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An enzyme that has lost its ability to function properly is often referred to as a denatured enzyme. This can occur due to changes in temperature, pH, or the presence of certain chemicals that disrupt the enzyme's structure. Once denatured, an enzyme may no longer be able to catalyze reactions effectively.
First of all, a protein consists of chains of amino acids and a single amino acid is coded by one codon of DNA. Mutations are able to insert, delete, replace and shift codons, which can result in amino acids being changed, removed or added, which would affect the protein that the amino acids are building.For example;Here is a strand of DNA in which the three codons in the middle codes for the amino acids.....TGG ATT ATG GAG TTC....-----> Isoleucine, Methionine, Glutamic acidSay that the strand of DNA has it's reading frame mutated (shifted).....GGA TTA TGG AGT TC....-----> Leucine, Tryptophan, SerineNotice how completely different amino acids arose from the mutation. Such a change may effect the protein's characteristics, as well as the phenotype of the organism.
protein synthesis
An egg that has been boiled in hot water for a bit, put in the fridge, and then the shell is peeled off, and the white and yolk would be solid, and ready to eat!A boiled egg can be best defined as a mass of denatured protein, that became denatured by its subjection to heat. Unfortunatly for the egg this process is irreversible. Other ways that proteins can be denatured include changes to the pH of their environment, since this disrupts hydrogen, di-sulphide and peptide bonding in regions of the protein responsible for the stabilization of its secondary and primary structure.
The "following" items would not be affected in the least!
The ribosomes would be studied, because that is the site of protein synthesis.
Protein would be most helpful for muscle growth. Bone density is affected most by calcium intake...which you can get from milk or a pill.