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Water is a polar substance. In liquid water, this gives rise to hydrogen bonds between molecules, making it structurally more compact. However when water is heated up to steam, those hydrogen bonds break up and the molecules cannot be maintained globally as aggregates. The forces in play in steam are of collisional type and the polarity of the molecules does result in short-range attractive forces yielding negative second virial coefficients but in no way the molecules arrange themselves to conform to a hydrogen-bonded structure. The probability of simultaneous collision between several molecules though rare in steam may become important at high pressures below the critical point, but should not be confused with the structuration between neighbouring molecules in liquid water where hydrogen bonding takes place due to the closeness between water molecules.
What is sure is that there is no hydrogen bonds above the critical point of steam. In steam hydrogen bonding is just not taking place for the molecules are too distant from each other. Collisional binary encounter does not generate hydrogen bonding!!!
What else can I help you with?
What happenes to water when you boil it?
Its molecules gain more and more energy from the heat and they start moving more faster. Eventually they gain enough energy to overcome the bonds that hold them togather and become water vapour or steam.
Why more energy is needed to convert water in steam than ice in water?
Because We have to break the bonding O & H in water's OH- ion and that H- ion attaches to the another H- ion.And this form the Hydrogen Gas. But while on heating Water it is just converting its state to gaseous state at about 100oC
What happens to water molecules when water is heated from 90 to 110 degrees Celsius?
As water is heated from 90 to 110 degrees Celsius, the water molecules gain kinetic energy and move more rapidly. This increased movement causes the water molecules to break hydrogen bonds and transition from a liquid to a gaseous state, forming water vapor.
How do you separate hydrogen from steam?
Hydrogen can be separated from steam by using a process called water electrolysis, where an electric current is passed through water to split it into hydrogen and oxygen gas. Another method is using a membrane-based separation technology that allows hydrogen to permeate through while leaving behind the steam.
How can you make hydrogen from other chemicals?
Hydrogen can be produced from other chemicals through processes like steam reforming of natural gas or electrolysis of water. In steam reforming, natural gas is reacted with steam at high temperatures to produce hydrogen and carbon dioxide. Electrolysis involves passing an electric current through water to split it into hydrogen and oxygen.
What bonds are broken when water is heated to boiling?
When water is heated to boiling, hydrogen bonds between water molecules are broken. These hydrogen bonds are responsible for the structure and properties of water and hold water molecules together in a liquid state. As the temperature increases, the kinetic energy of water molecules overcomes the hydrogen bonds, causing them to break and water to evaporate into steam.
How are hydrogen bonds like ionic bonds?
Both hydrogen bonds and ionic bonds involve interactions between different molecules or ions. However, hydrogen bonds are weaker and involve the attraction between a hydrogen atom and a highly electronegative atom like oxygen or nitrogen, while ionic bonds are stronger and involve the transfer of electrons between a metal and a nonmetal to form ions.
What is formed when the hydrogen bonds of water are broken?
When the hydrogen bonds of water are broken, water molecules separate into individual hydrogen and oxygen atoms. This process is typically associated with the conversion of water into its gaseous form, steam.
In steam are the forces between molecules the same as the forces between the molecules in water?
The forces between molecules in steam are weaker than the forces between molecules in liquid water. In steam, molecules are far apart and move freely, resulting in weak intermolecular forces. In liquid water, molecules are closer together and have stronger intermolecular forces due to hydrogen bonding.
What is the steam being given off when the water boils is it water molecules or hydrogen molecules?
The steam produced when water boils is primarily composed of water molecules in the form of water vapor. This water vapor is the gaseous phase of water and is made up of individual water molecules that have escaped the liquid phase due to the heat energy applied during boiling. There are no hydrogen molecules present in the steam produced from boiling water.
What happenes to water when you boil it?
Its molecules gain more and more energy from the heat and they start moving more faster. Eventually they gain enough energy to overcome the bonds that hold them togather and become water vapour or steam.
Why 2 Nitrophenol is steam volatile and 4 Nitrophenol is high volatile?
4-nitrophenol has intramolecular (with different molecules) hydrogen bonding and a lot of molecules are held together due to this. and have high volatility. 2-nitrophenol is having intramolecular (within same molecule) hydrogen bonding, which is weak and is stam volatile.
What is liquid hydrogen made of?
Hydrogen. Just like liquid steam is made of water molecules - the same stuff but in a different form.
What raw materials are used to produce hydrogen?
Hydrogen can be produced from a variety of raw materials, commonly water (through electrolysis), natural gas (steam methane reforming), and biomass (biological processes like gasification or fermentation). Other methods include using coal or even capturing hydrogen from industrial processes like ammonia production.
Does water gain or lose energy as it evaporates to form steam?
Water gains energy as it evaporates to form steam. The energy is used to break the bonds between water molecules and convert them from liquid to gas.
What causes steam?
steam is water evaporating. It is caused when water molecules have enough energy to break free from the electromagnetic interactions that holds all the water together as a liquid. Short form - steam is water so when it is hot it turns into gas.
Why considerable heat energy is needed to convert 1g of water into 1g of steam at 100c without any change in temperature taking place?
Considerable heat energy is needed to convert water into steam at 100°C because the process involves breaking the hydrogen bonds between water molecules, which requires a significant amount of energy input. This energy is used to overcome the intermolecular forces holding the water molecules together in liquid form. Once these bonds are broken, the water molecules are free to move more independently in the gaseous state, resulting in steam.
