acid
Ba(OH)2.8H2O is barium hydroxide octahydrate
Lye is one of those "common names" that, particularly when combined with adjectives, might mean a couple of different compounds. The canonical lye is sodium hydroxide. However, potassium hydroxide has very similar chemical properties, and I've seen terms like "wood lye" that indicate it's actually the potassium compound instead. "Caustic lye" is a new one on me; both compounds have common names that include the word caustic (caustic soda for sodium hydroxide, caustic potash for potassium hydroxide), so it might be either one. If it's in a recipe for soap or something, it doesn't really matter all that much; as stated earlier, they have very similar properties and either will work.
Water (H2O) consists of an hydroxyl radical anion (-OH) and an hydrogen cation (which in water is called an hydronium). Although there is a buffering factor associated with the hydronium concentration, in the most simple form of your question, the answer would be: As one shifts the balance of the H+/OH- by removing H+, one creates a more basic (caustic) solution.
Boiling and freezing points are colligative properties, meaning they depend on the number of solute particles dissolve in solution. Glucose is a molecular compound so it is one particle dissolved in solution. CaCl2 will dissociate into three particles in solution. There are three times as many particles present in solution when CaCl2 dissolves.
It is usually added during an extraction in order to make the solution alkaline. Often times, this aids in the efficiency of the extraction.
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3 SIMPLES!!!
1,000,000 X more
The pH of such a solution would be 6.
Increased 10 times. Note that hydronium is not the only solvated species of H+ present- it is better to talk of H+ aq- pH is a measure of [H+] however solvated.
There are times when bacteria, acidify an infected site, therefore adding sodium hydroxide will neutralize the region for a basic site.
The pH of a solution with a hydronium ion concentration of 2.5 micro moles per liter can be calculated using the following formula: [ \small \text{pH} = -\log(\text{[H}_3\text{O}^+]) ] Given the concentration of hydronium ions, we can plug in the value: [ \small \text{pH} = -\log(2.5 \times 10^{-6}) ] Calculating this: [ \small \text{pH} = -\log(0.0000025) = 5.60 ] Therefore, the pH of the solution is approximately 5.60
x 1 000 000
The concentration of hydroxide ion is realted to pH by the pKw (10-14) At pH 9 the concentration of OH- is 10-5, at pH 3, 10-11. The ratio is 106 so there are a million times as many OH- in pH 9.
The concentration of hydroxide ion is realted to pH by the pKw (10-14) At pH 9 the concentration of OH- is 10-5, at pH 3, 10-11. The ratio is 106 so there are a million times as many OH- in pH 9.
A pH 2 solution is 100,000 times more acidic than a pH 7 solution. pH 2 is acidic whereas pH 7 is neutral
The concentration of hydroxide ion is realted to pH by the pKw (10-14) At pH 9 the concentration of OH- is 10-5, at pH 3, 10-11. The ratio is 106 so there are a million times as many OH- in pH 9.