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The number of electrons in the outermost shell is the group number.

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What is the relationship between electronic configurations and an element's group number?

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An element's placement within a group on the periodic table is closely related to its electron configuration, particularly the arrangement of its valence electrons. Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties because they possess the same number of valence electrons, leading to comparable reactivity and bonding behavior. For instance, alkali metals in Group 1 all have a single valence electron, while halogens in Group 17 have seven, influencing their tendency to lose or gain electrons during chemical reactions. This relationship helps predict an element's behavior and characteristics based on its position in the periodic table.


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