non structural mitigation measures :
Earthquakes can cause a range of damage to the built environment, including structural damage to buildings, bridges, and roads, as well as non-structural damage like broken windows, damage to utilities, and landslides. The severity of the damage depends on factors like the magnitude of the earthquake, the proximity to the epicenter, and the quality of construction.
Damage days or months after an earthquake can be caused by structural weaknesses that were not initially apparent, such as hairline cracks or weakened foundations. Aftershocks or secondary events triggered by the earthquake, like landslides or flooding, can also contribute to ongoing damage. Inadequate repairs or maintenance post-earthquake can further exacerbate existing structural issues.
The old shack collapsed due to the earthquake's shaking and instability. It is important to ensure the safety of those around the area and assess the structural damage caused by the earthquake.
To reduce structural damage in earthquake prone areas, steps can include improving building codes to ensure structures are earthquake-resistant, retrofitting older buildings to meet current standards, conducting regular inspections and maintenance on structures, and educating communities on earthquake preparedness and response measures.
Earthquake hazard refers to the potential for ground shaking, surface rupture, ground displacement, and other associated effects that can result from an earthquake event. It represents the probability of an earthquake occurring in a specific area and the level of damage it can cause to people, buildings, infrastructure, and the environment. Understanding earthquake hazard is crucial for developing effective mitigation measures to reduce the risk and impact of earthquakes.
The structural and non structural mitigation of drought is the displacement of people. Death of livestock and plants is another structural and non-structural mitigation of drought.
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displacement of people
there are two types; structural and non structural
mitigation efforts help the people by creating safer communites and reducing loss of life and property is called mitigation
Structural Mitigation:- • Increase the river dike heights • Evacuation routes identification • Retrofitting of vulnerable structures for tsunami resistance • Engineered structures • Tsunami water breaks • Sea walls & coral reefs Non structural Mitigation:- • Public Awareness • Hazard mapping & vulnerability analysis • Risk identification, zoning & mapping • Training of all concerned • Land Use Management • Tsunami warning system
Building earthquake-resistant structures n earthquake zones is a mitigation activity.
displacement of people
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An example of a mitigation activity is installing a flood barrier to reduce the impact of flooding on a community. This proactive measure helps prevent damage to properties and infrastructure by diverting or containing floodwaters.
Non-structural mitigation measures for tsunamis include early warning systems, community education and preparedness programs, land use planning and zoning regulations to restrict development in high-risk areas, vegetation buffers such as mangroves to reduce wave energy, and building codes that require structures to be designed to resist tsunami forces.
A. Emergency medical services to individuals following an earthquake.