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It has to do with the VSEPR model for electron shell configurations. Zinc being the final transition metal in the 4th row of the Periodic Table has a full "D" shell of valance electrons. Gallium being the following element in the 4th row now has one valence electron in the "P" shell which is not full. An element with a full valence shell of whatever type will have a higher first ionization energy then an element with a shell that is not full.
What else can I help you with?
Why is the ionistaion energy of magnesium higher than that of sodium?
because ionization energy increases from left to right on the periodic table. Ionization energy is the amount of energy needed to take an electron away from the atom, or the energy needed to ionize it. Since Sodium is more likely to give up an ion to complete the octet rule, it has a higher ionization energy.
Why is it easier to remove an electron from a sodium atom than from a magnesium atom?
Phosphorus has a higher energy level so it pulls harder on its electrons.
Sodium is more or less active than magnesium?
Sodium is less active than magnesium. Magnesium is located higher in the reactivity series of metals than sodium, indicating that magnesium is more reactive and likely to form compounds with other elements compared to sodium.
Why Magnesium metal is a better conductor than Sodium metal?
Magnesium metal is a better conductor than Sodium metal because it has more free electrons to carry electric charge due to its atomic structure. Magnesium has two electrons in its outer shell, compared to Sodium's one, making it a more efficient conductor of electricity. Additionally, the higher atomic mass of Magnesium allows for better mobility of electrons, resulting in higher conductivity.
What happens in the reaction between sodium hydroxide and magnesium sulphate?
When sodium hydroxide reacts with magnesium sulfate, a double displacement reaction occurs where the sodium ions from sodium hydroxide switch places with the magnesium ions from magnesium sulfate to form sodium sulfate and magnesium hydroxide. The products of this reaction are aqueous sodium sulfate and a white precipitate of magnesium hydroxide.
Is ionisation enthalpy of potassium higher than that of sodium?
The ionisation enthalpy of potassium is lower than that of sodium.
Why is the ionistaion energy of magnesium higher than that of sodium?
because ionization energy increases from left to right on the periodic table. Ionization energy is the amount of energy needed to take an electron away from the atom, or the energy needed to ionize it. Since Sodium is more likely to give up an ion to complete the octet rule, it has a higher ionization energy.
Which one between sodium and chlorine has the higher ionisation energy?
Chlorine has the higher ionization energy compared to sodium. This is because chlorine has a larger number of protons in its nucleus, creating a stronger positive charge that holds its electrons more tightly.
Which substance sodium oxide or magnesium oxide has higher melting point?
sodium oxide: 1132oC magnesium oxide: 2852oC
Sodium is more or less active than magnesium?
Sodium is less active than magnesium. Magnesium is located higher in the reactivity series of metals than sodium, indicating that magnesium is more reactive and likely to form compounds with other elements compared to sodium.
Why is it easier to remove an electron from a sodium atom than from a magnesium atom?
Phosphorus has a higher energy level so it pulls harder on its electrons.
Why the first ionisation energy of potassium is only a little less than the ionisation energy of sodium?
both are in the same period which accounts for closeness. they are nonetheless different because there are more protons in the nucleus which means electrons are brought closer to it so there is a higher ionisation energy or potential
Why second ionization energy of sodium is greater than that of magnesium?
The second ionization energy of sodium is greater than that of magnesium because, after the removal of one electron, sodium achieves a stable noble gas configuration (Neon) with its remaining electrons, making it more stable and requiring more energy to remove the second electron. In contrast, magnesium, which has a higher nuclear charge and a full outer shell of electrons, experiences less effective nuclear attraction on the second electron due to its configuration. Consequently, the energy needed to remove the second electron from magnesium is lower than that for sodium.
Is the ionisation energy of sodium same as chlorine?
No, the ionization energy of sodium is not the same as chlorine. The ionization energy of sodium is lower than that of chlorine because sodium requires less energy to remove an electron. Sodium has a single electron in its outer shell, while chlorine has seven electrons in its outer shell, making it harder to remove an electron.
Will sodium react with magnesium?
Yes, sodium will react with magnesium to form a compound called sodium magnesium alloy. This reaction typically involves the transfer of electrons from the sodium atoms to magnesium atoms. It is a highly exothermic reaction that can result in the release of significant amounts of energy.
How would you explain the fact that the first ionization enthalpy of sodium is lower than that of magnesium but its second ionization enthalpy is higher than that of magnesium?
Sodium has only one valence electron, and when that is donated to some other atom, the remaining ion has a noble gas configuration that is highly stable. Disrupting that by another ionization requires much energy. Magnesium has two valence electrons; therefore the second is almost as easy to donate as the first. The third ionization enthalpy of magnesium would be very high.
Why is the second ionisation energy of Na much greater than the second ionisation energy of Mg?
The second ionization energy of sodium (Na) is much greater than that of magnesium (Mg) because of the difference in their electronic configurations and the stability of the resulting ions. When Na loses its first electron, it achieves a stable noble gas configuration (Neon), making the removal of a second electron from the positively charged Na⁺ ion much more difficult. In contrast, when magnesium loses its first electron, it still has a relatively stable electron configuration and retains two valence electrons, making the second ionization less energetically demanding. Thus, the increased stability of Na⁺ compared to Mg⁺ contributes to the significantly higher second ionization energy for Na.
