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In perfectly competitive markets, economic profits are zero in the long run because firms are able to enter and exit the market.

If firms in a perfectly competitive market are profitable, there would be an incentive for new firms to enter. Supply would increase, causing an increase in quantity and the price to be driven back down to equilibrium: NO PROFIT!

If firms in a perfectly competitive market are suffering a loss, some firms would choose to exit the market. Supply would decrease, causing a decrease in quantity and the price to be driven back up to equilibrium: NO PROFIT!

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When perfectly competitive firms in an industry are earning positive economic profits, how does this impact market equilibrium and the long-term sustainability of the industry?

When perfectly competitive firms in an industry are earning positive economic profits, it attracts new firms to enter the market, increasing competition. This leads to a decrease in prices and profits until they reach a long-term equilibrium where firms earn normal profits. This process ensures the long-term sustainability of the industry by preventing excessive profits and encouraging efficiency.


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Related Questions

When perfectly competitive firms in an industry are earning positive economic profits, how does this impact market equilibrium and the long-term sustainability of the industry?

When perfectly competitive firms in an industry are earning positive economic profits, it attracts new firms to enter the market, increasing competition. This leads to a decrease in prices and profits until they reach a long-term equilibrium where firms earn normal profits. This process ensures the long-term sustainability of the industry by preventing excessive profits and encouraging efficiency.


When will the process of entry and exit end in a perfectly competitive market?

In a perfectly competitive market, the process of entry and exit ends when firms earn zero economic profits in the long run. This occurs when the price equals the minimum average total cost, allowing firms to cover all their costs, including opportunity costs. At this point, there is no incentive for new firms to enter the market, and existing firms will not exit, stabilizing the market equilibrium. Thus, the market reaches a state of long-run equilibrium.


When the process of entry or exit ends in a perfectly competitive market?

The idea of a perfectly competitive market is that no one business or entity is large enough to hold power over a market or product. Zero entry and exit barriers make this possible, because it means that the market is ever changing as businesses fail and new companies emerge.


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