Flange Face Surface FinishThe American National Standards Institute (ANSI) code for flanges and flanged fittings (ANSI B16.5) requires that the flange face has a specific roughness to ensure that this surface be compatible with the gasket and provide a high quality seal. A serrated finish, either concentric or spiral, is required with 30 to 55 grooves per inch and a resultant roughness between 125 and 500 microinches.
This allows for various grades of surface finish to be made available by flange manufactures for the gasket contact surface of metal flanges. These grades are often referred to by name e.g. stock finish. The exact definition of each grade may differ between manufacturers, but can be generalised as follows;
Stock FinishThe gasket contact surface is typically formed by a continuous (sometimes called phonographic) spiral groove generated by a 1.6mm radius round-nosed tool at a feed rate of 0.8mm per revolution with a depth of 0.15mm. This will result in a roughness between Ra 3.2 and 12.5 micrometers (125 - 500 microinch).
Smooth FinishNo definite tool marking should be apparent to the naked eye. This is typically achieved by having the gasket contact surface formed by a continuous (sometimes called phonographic) spiral groove generated by a 0.8mm radius round-nosed tool at a feed rate of 0.3mm per revolution with a depth of 0.05mm. This will result in a roughness between Ra 3.2 and 6.3 micrometers (125 - 250 microinch).
Hydrogen Service FinishThe finish for flanges in hydrogen service is very smooth, typically between Ra 2 and 3.2 micrometers (79 - 125 microinch).
Cold Water FinishThe flange face appears as mirror like. This flange finish is usually expected to be used with metal to metal contact, i.e. without a gasket. It is seldom used in the oil, petrochem and related industries.
Measuring Surface RoughnessFlange finish is generally measured by visual and tactile means. Comparing the feel of the machined face with that of a surface finish comparator gauge, occasionally referred to as a Rupert gauge, is considered adequate.
There are two common methods of expressing roughness. They are the Arithmetic Average Roughness Height (AARH) and the Root Mean Square (RMS) Average.
Arithmetic Average Roughness Height- Calculation of the Arithmetic Average Roughness Height involves measuring the distance of the peaks and valleys and performing an arithmetic average of the measurements.
Root Mean Square Average - Calculation of the Root Mean Square Average involves measuring the distance of peaks and valleys, adding the square of these measurements and calculating the square root of the total.
The RMS value is approximately 11% higher than the AARH value.
Acronym: AARH Definition: Arithmetic Average Roughness Height
Arithmetic Average Roughness Height. It's unit is in microns.
An "unlevel" toilet flange might be a little difficult for a wax ring to seal, but could not in any way be responsible for a tank leak. If the tank is leaking between the tank and bowl, remove the tank, check the tank itself for a crack or defect, then check the flange gasket and tank bolts and gaskets. How do you know your flange is unlevel?
To install a blind flange, first ensure that the pipe ends are clean and free from debris. Align the blind flange with the pipe, ensuring the gasket is placed correctly between the flange and the pipe. Use appropriate bolts to secure the flange, tightening them in a crisscross pattern to ensure even pressure. Finally, check for any leaks by testing the system under pressure.
Slip-On Flat Face Flange. It means the face of the flange, the surface the physically touches the next flange is flat as opposed to raised (SORF Flange)
To replace toilet flange bolts, first, turn off the water supply and remove the toilet. Next, unscrew the old bolts and flange. Install a new flange and secure it with new bolts. Reinstall the toilet and tighten the bolts evenly. Finally, turn the water supply back on and check for leaks.
Not. There's no way to connect a WNF to an RTJ flange.
Raised face flange end
If it's wide flange, it's from center of web to web distance. Other structural members, it's center of flange to center of flange.
Weld Neck Raised Face flange
To allow floor flange bolts to have a place to fit and to anchor the flange to the cement /wood decking
To install a shower drain flange, first remove the old flange if necessary. Then, apply plumber's putty or silicone sealant around the underside of the new flange. Insert the flange into the drain opening and secure it in place with screws. Finally, connect the drain pipe to the flange and test for leaks.