equatorial low pressure belt
sub tropical high pressure belt
sub polar low pressure belt
polar high pressure belt
The Coriolis effect explains this phenomenon clearly. Pressure belts and wind belts differ in patterns depending on certain atmospheric factors like temperature.
The bands of high pressure are called subtropical high-pressure belts, while the bands of low pressure are known as the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) or the equatorial low-pressure belt. These belts play a significant role in global atmospheric circulation.
Prevailing winds Easterlies
High atmospheric pressure generally suppresses the development of rain clouds. The earth has belts of high pressure, usually between latitudes of 25 - 35 degrees north or south, where many of the earth's deserts are located.
Atmospheric pressure is generally highest at sea level in areas where the air is cooler and denser, such as over the poles. Additionally, high-pressure systems, often associated with clear, calm weather, can lead to increased atmospheric pressure. Regions with descending air, like subtropical high-pressure belts, also experience elevated atmospheric pressure. Therefore, coastal areas in high-pressure systems, particularly in colder climates, would typically have the highest atmospheric pressure.
High pressure belts found at 30 degree latitudes are called subtropical high-pressure belts. These belts are generated by the sinking air from the Hadley Cell circulation at these latitudes, resulting in stable atmospheric conditions and clear skies. Subtropical high-pressure systems are associated with arid climates and are often responsible for the formation of deserts.
The convection cells radiate heat.
Doldrums and polar high-pressure belts are referred to as thermal belts because they are primarily influenced by temperature variations. The doldrums, located around the equator, experience warm air rising, leading to low pressure, while the polar high-pressure belts are characterized by cold, dense air sinking, resulting in high pressure. These areas are defined by their thermal characteristics, where temperature differences drive atmospheric circulation patterns. Thus, their naming reflects their dependence on thermal dynamics in the atmosphere.
Locate the pressure belts on earth
Permanent pressure belts migrate due to seasonal changes in temperature and atmospheric circulation patterns. During different seasons, the heating and cooling of land and ocean surfaces can shift the position of these belts, leading to variations in wind and weather patterns. This migration is particularly influenced by factors such as the tilt of the Earth's axis, solar radiation, and the distribution of continents and oceans. As a result, pressure belts can move north or south, impacting climate and weather systems in various regions.
It is the temperature which controls the pressure belts and ,therefore, as the sun moves from one tropic to another, the pressure belts also do the same.This phenomenon is called as shifting of pressure belts.
Global wind belts can cause all kinds of weather. They can pick up moisture and cause monsoons and prolonged wet seasons. They can cause calm regions of light winds, and they can also enhance warmth that causes mild weather.