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SYNCOM 1 and 2
Yes, North Korea has launched two satellites into orbit around the Earth. The Kwangmyongsong-3 Unit 2 satellite was launched in 2012, and the Kwangmyongsong-4 satellite was launched in 2016. Both satellites have been criticized by the international community for potentially violating UN sanctions on North Korea's missile technology development.
ionosphere
no.
Satellites are launched in east direction to use earths rotational velocity and to reduce launch energy.
Yes, Woomera in Australia was used as a launch site for satellites in the past. The WRESAT satellite, launched in 1967, was Australia's first satellite and was launched from Woomera. Additionally, a number of other satellites were also launched from Woomera in the following years.
You can find a list of satellites launched by Russia on websites such as n2yo.com or celestrak.com. These websites provide real-time tracking information for satellites in orbit, including those launched by Russia.
The United States has launched the most number of satellites into space.
India has launched over 300 satellites into space since 1975.
200
45
They are launched by rockets.