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Homopolar motors work on a principle called the Lorentz force law, the same principle that makes a rail gun work. They are the most basic and conceptually simple rotary electric motors possible. You may also see them referred to as Faraday Disks, or unipolar motors. Because they are so simple, they have the potential to be very efficient, but unlike AC (alternating current) induction motors, AC synchronous motors, or DC (direct current) brushless motors (the latter two are essentially the same), they require brushes, and therefore more maintenance. They also tend to work at low voltage and high current, which makes the brushes more lossy. My best guess is the problems with the brushes are why homopolar motors appear to have never found any commercial or military applications. However, a quick search on Google will show that the Navy is interested in using them on ships and subs. Because they are the only truly DC motor, they should prove to be quieter than any other electric drive option they are considering. AC motors come with a lot of noise, just ask your washing machine.

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