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You use filters at the output of a rectifier to smooth out the pulsating DC. With no filter, the output would pulse between peak value (less diode forward drop) and zero. With a simple capacitor, the output would pulse between peak value (less diode forward drop) and some value that is the intersection between the discharge curve for the capacitor and the next forward conduction time of the diode. With a more complex filter, the output is progressively filtered, but that is beyond the scope of this question.

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14y ago
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8y ago

DC means flat line voltage/current. When converting AC to DC what a rectifier does is to simply re direct the -ve the voltage/current into the load in such that they follow the same path as the +ve voltage/current. So the output will be filled with half-sinusoidal "Bumps"......which doesnot qualify as a DC supply(as it should be, ideally, flat lined).

So a capacitor based filter is used to level out the output.....by arranging the RC values of the ckt such that there is quick charging and slow discharging...the better designed RC ckt will minimize the differential between the lowest voltage and the highest voltage output. And that is the basis of it...to NOT let the load ckt handle large differences in input voltage, which is bad for any system.

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Q: What is the necessity of a filter in a rectifier circuit?
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