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A "star-delta" starter- also known as a "Y-delta" or "wye-delta" starter - is used to reduce the voltage on the motor windings to only 1/.'/'3 [one divided by root 3] times the incoming line voltage, to help reduce mechanical stress and in-rush current at start-up.

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Whenever you start a big heavy electric motor, you need to start it slowly to prevent the rotor overheating and drawing an enormous current. When the windings of a 3-phase motor are connected in STAR the voltage is reduced to a fraction equal to one over root three (1 / 1.732) times the normal running voltage that is used when it is connected in DELTA, resulting in a reduction of nearly one half the normal current.

Once the motor picks up speed, the connection is changed to DELTA so that the motor runs at full speed and torque from then on. It's a bit like using the gears of an automobile.

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