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sir,
i want to know about maximum demand controller, to control electricity maximum demand is required for industries to avoid any penalty,
thanks.
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∙ 11y ago
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What is the maximum demand of high tension power cable?
That depends on it's gauge, the lower the gauge the higher load it can handle.Another AnswerMaximum demand describes the maximum electrical load applied to a high-voltage (high-tension) electrical cable.
Why would a electrical meter read the cumulative maximum demand and not just the maximum demand?
Demand charges are related to the maximum kW drawn during a particular time window, typically 15 or 30 minutes. The single largest window sets the demand charge for the month. While the average kW may be much lower, the utilities must install transmission and distribution systems to handle the much higher peak kW drawn during certain periods. The demand charge is supposed to compensate the utility for the added cost of the larger lines, transformers, etc. needed to handle the peaks. Simply recording the maximum demand would mean that just starting a large electric motor could send your demand charge sky high (remember that some motors draw 7-10 times their running current on start up!), yet the momentary spike in current draw would not require a distribution system that was 10 times larger. On the other hand, say you used a 100kW motor for 50 minutes an hour. Your neighbor uses a 1000kW motor for 5 minutes an hour. You both consumed the exact same kWh, yet the utility would have to install a distribution system that was 10 times larger to serve your neighbor. That is the type of consumption a cumulative demand window is designed to capture. Your neighbor would be paying for the extra cost involved in the 1000kW distribution system, even though he only needs it for 5 minutes an hour. Demand charges are an excellent incentive to do load leveling, or so-called peak shaving, and a huge industry has grown out of that reason. Cumulative demand is the addition of each billing period [average over the window] maximum demand as described above. This value can be used to assure that no reset of billing period data has been missed - no missing billing periods. The utility can use the cumulative demand collected with the previous billing, and add to that the current billing period's max. Dmd., and the result should be the meter's current maximum demand. If the values do not match, a maximum demand for some billing period has not been collected correctly. If someone broke the seal on the meter, and caused the meter to start a new billing period to attempt to avoid paying for an earlier maximum demand, it would be detected.
Why instead of transmitting maximum power power utility transmits power at maximum efficiency?
This question relates to the economic decisions that electricity utilities make in designing their power networks. During peak load periods, power is transmitted at the maximum current that is safe for the network, but at other times power transmission simply depends on demand. Ideally, utilities would transmit power at maximum efficiency because, by minimising losses over the lines and in transformers, they minimise generation costs. However, each increase in efficiency results in increased capital costs. A compromise is always made between purchasing efficient power transformers and distribution transformers or less expensive ones with higher losses.
What is maximum power rating?
Maximum power rating describes the maximum power at which a device can operate without reaching an excessive temperature. For example, in the case of a resistor, if its maximum power rating is exceeded, then it may burn out.
When is the collector current maximum?
The maximum collector current is normally rated to be the current at which the DC current gain (hFE) falls to 50% of its maximum value. The maximum peak current is Page 2 Operation notes Transistors Rev.A 2/7 rated at a value which ensures reliability within the maximum allowed junction temperature.
How do you measure maximum demand?
Maximum demand is usually observed and not measured, depending upon which discipline is involved.==Maximum demand is measured using a thermal demand indicator, which is installed at the substation.
How can calculate maximum demand load?
maximum demand load can be calculated as: # maximum demand=demand factor * Connected load or by # maximum demand = connected load * Diversity Factor Note: Demand factor and diversity factor are NOT same
What is maximum demand?
An electricity board will be fixed some amount of load for consumer (industry or commercial) as per consumers requirement.That is maximum load or maximum demand.
What is the meaning of electrical After Diversity Maximum Demand?
The maximum demand with regards to diversity is when an electrical device is running at its maximum capability. The diversity number is typically a percentage, so if a device is running at 80 percent diversity, it is running on maximum demand 80 percent of the time.
Definition of maximum demand?
MAXIMUM DEMAND (M.D.): -It is the greatest demand of load on the power station during a given period.I.e. The maximum of all the demands that have occurred during a given period (may be a day, may be an hour etc.).Need of maximum demand in Electricity bill?When the rate of electrical energy is charged on the basis of maximum demand of the consumer & the units consumed, it is called two-part tariff.In this total charge is divided into two.A) Fixed charge à depends on maximum demand of consumerB) Running charge à depends on no. of units consumedIt is measuring by installing maximum demand meter. Charges are made on the basis of maximum demand in kVA & not in kWMaximum demand used to be measured by a demand needle on the meter, that would actually store only a peak demand. When you start an electric motor, this peak can be very high for a second or two. For this reason, more modern meters calculate an average demand over some period of time (often 15 minutes), and the maximum of those average demands is used as the maximum demand for billing purposes.Billing by maximum demand allows the utility to bill for the cost of installing better wiring and transformers for customers with a large active demand (KW).Values other than KW can be measured the same way for other demand values.
What is maximun demand?
Maximum demand is the largest amount of demand a supplier can supply without running out of supplies.
Is it good for a company if maximum demand is high?
No It is not
Why a supplier may benefit by reducing the maximum demand without reducing overall consumption?
the supply authority bills at the higest demand continously,by reducing maximum demand the supplier bills at the same rate whilst supplying less energy
What is maximum demand indicator?
An electricity board will be fixed some amount of load for consumer (industry or commercial) as per consumers requirement.That is maximum load or maximum demandAnswerA 'maximum demand indicator' (also called a 'thermal demand indicator') is a thermally-operated measuring instrument which indicates the maximum current supplied by a distribution transformer, from which that transformer's actual (rather than anticipated) maximum load can be determined. A distribution transformer is sized based on an anticipated load, resulting from an analysis of the loads to be supplied (taking into account after-diversity maximum demand), this instrument allows the actual maximum load to be compared with that calculated load, and this value should be less if the original analysis was performed correctly.
What is the maximum amount one can send through a demand draft?
how can we calculate maximum load used if CMD is given ?
What is the diversity factor of full load transformer?
Diversity factor is the ratio between sum of each individual maximum demand and the total maximum demand. There are several equipment with different connected load and its maximum demand in an industry. Each equipment maximum demand could be different and might occur at different times. A well estimated or measured diversity factor would tell as to what percentage of total maximum load would actually occur. Diversity factor is always less than 1. Diversity factor has to be obtained either by measuring the actual sum of each individual load and maximum demand or estimated and has relation to the transformer full load .
Why is loadshedding necessary?
Since there is no sufficient power available as per the demand
