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How do DNA methylation and histone acetylation affect chromatin structure and the regulation of transcription?
When chromatin is tightly compacted and dense, it's called Heterochromatin. When chromatin is loosely packed, its called Euchromatin. Euchromatin is easily accessible to transcription enzymes, while herterochromatin makes transcription impossible because the enzymes cannot access the DNA. Therefore, a gene within heterochromatin cannot be expressed.
Also, look up how histone modifications such as histone acetylation affect gene expression.
What else can I help you with?
A threadlike genetic material called chromatin is located within the?
In the inter-phase nucleus of the cell is located a threadlike genetic material called chromatin.
What is the DNA twisted structure called?
AnswerThe "twisted ladder" shape of DNA is called a double helix.
What does prophase do in the cell cycle?
During prophase, the chromatin fibers in the nucleus coil tightly and condense into observable chromosomes. The mitotic spindle then begins to form and the centrosomes move away from each other.
What condensed genetic materials or chromatin that is double stranded?
Condensed genetic material or double stranded chromatin is a chromosome. Chromosomes are long strands of DNA tightly wrapped around histone 'beads' which help to pack it down to fit within the cell. The cells of your body are absolutely tiny, but inside every one of them is close to 2 metres of DNA, so it's absolutely necessary to pack it down as small as possible. The tight structure of chromosomes allows for this, and also aids in making mitosis simpler for the cell.
What are the strands of genetic material floating in a nucleus of a animal cell?
Strands of genetic material floating in the nucleus is chromatin. Cytoplasm is the part of the cell that is between the cell membrane and the nucleus.
What is the role of the nucleosomes in the control of transcription?
Nucleosomes play a crucial role in the control of transcription by regulating access to DNA. They can compact or relax chromatin structure, making it easier or harder for transcription factors and RNA polymerase to access the DNA, thus influencing gene expression. Modifications to nucleosomes, such as acetylation or methylation of histone proteins, can also impact transcriptional activity by altering nucleosome positioning and stability.
What can inhibit transcription by blocking the binding of positively acting transcription factors to the DNA?
The binding of negatively acting transcription factors, chromatin remodeling complexes, DNA methylation, or histone deacetylation can inhibit transcription by preventing the binding of positively acting transcription factors to the DNA.
Several of the different globin genes are expressed in humans but at different times in development what mechanism could allow for this?
The regulation of globin gene expression during development is controlled by changes in the chromatin structure and interactions with transcription factors. Specific DNA sequences within the globin gene promoters and enhancers play a role in determining when and where these genes are expressed. Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation and histone acetylation, also influence the timing of globin gene expression during development.
What part does acetylation play in gene expression?
Acetylation of histones, which are proteins that help package DNA in the cell, typically leads to a more relaxed chromatin structure. This allows for easier access of the transcriptional machinery to the DNA, promoting gene activation and expression. Acetylation is often associated with increased gene expression due to this facilitating effect on transcription.
What mechanisms exerts gene control by suppressing transcription in eukaryote?
Gene control by suppression of transcription in eukaryotes can be achieved through various mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and the action of transcriptional repressors. These mechanisms can block access of transcription factors to the gene promoter region, leading to reduced gene expression. Additionally, chromatin remodeling complexes can be involved in creating repressive chromatin structures that prevent transcriptional machinery from binding to DNA.
What are the differences in gene expression regulation between eukaryotes and prokaryotes?
In eukaryotes, gene expression regulation is more complex and involves multiple levels of control, such as chromatin remodeling, transcription factors, and post-transcriptional modifications. Prokaryotes, on the other hand, have simpler regulation mechanisms, mainly involving operons and transcription factors.
Is RNA found with chromatin?
Yes, RNA can be associated with chromatin in the cell. RNA molecules interact with chromatin proteins to regulate gene expression and chromatin structure. This interaction plays a crucial role in various cellular processes such as transcription, RNA processing, and epigenetic regulation.
What does the term 'histone acetylation' means?
Histones are proteins that organize DNA in the chromatin of eukaryotes (cells that have membrane enclosed nuclei). Acetylation means the introduction of acetyl group to a molecule. In essence, Histone Acetylation removes the positive charge on the histones which, in turn, causes a decrease in the interaction with negatively charged phosphates in DNA.
What is transcription and chromatin?
Transcription is the process where genetic information from DNA is copied into a complementary RNA molecule. Chromatin refers to the complex of DNA and proteins in the nucleus of a cell, which packages and organizes the DNA into a compact structure.
What is role of histone phosphorylation?
Since phosphate groups have a negative charge, adding them to histone tails neutralizes them and probably reduces their affinity for DNA. It might contribute to transcription because it stimulates histone acetyltransferases which cause histone acetylation and enhance transcription.
Regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes?
mutationstranscrtiption factorsrepressorsoperonswhich is it your pick buti out mutations for thisone maybe im wrongwho knows?
What does Chromatin do in the nucleus of a cell?
Chromatin packages and organizes DNA into a compact structure within the nucleus, allowing for efficient storage and regulation of genetic material. It also plays a role in gene expression by controlling access to specific regions of DNA, influencing processes like transcription and DNA replication.
