What are the effects of under voltage?

Answer 1

The effects on what, exactly. I can tell you the effect on an incandescent light bulb. If an incandescent light bulb is supplied with a lower voltage than its design voltage, then the light will not be as bright or as white as the designer intended. But maybe you weren't asking about a light bulb. What were you asking about?

Answer 2

there are so many effects on the system due to the under voltages
they are mainly
Ex: in machines there are fluctuations in windings
similarly in house hold purpose equipments,
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If the system is a some lagging power factor machine like induction motor so due to the under voltage the current rises which generates more heat & finally the winding of motor is burnt.

Answer 3

Overvoltage - Causes and Protection

Overvoltages occur in a system when the system voltage rises over 110% of the nominal rated voltage. Overvoltage can be caused by a number of reasons, sudden reduction in loads, switching of transient loads, lightning strikes, failure of control equipment such as voltage regulators, neutral displacement,. Overvoltage can cause damage to components connected to the power supply and lead to insulation failure, damage to electronic components, heating, flashovers, etc.

Overvoltage relays can be used to identify overvoltages and isolate equipment. These relays operate when the measured voltage exceeds a predetermined set-point. The voltage is usually measured using a Potential Transformers. The details of the ratio of the potential transformer are also entered into the relay. These relays are usually provided with a time delay. The time delay can be either instantaneous, fixed time or for IDMT (inverse definite minimum time) curves.

Generally, overvoltage relays are provided with sufficient time delay in order to avoid unwanted trippings due to transients (See article onTransients).

These relays can be used to isolate feeders and other equipment connected to the network. In the case of generators, these relay also switch off the excitation system to the generators thereby preventing voltage build-up.

Answer 4

It depends on the context. But, for example, for a given load (e.g. a motor) a reduced voltage will result in an increase in current which causes a greater voltage drop along the supply cable which, in turn, acts to reduce the voltage even more, making the situation even worse.

Answer 5

In a given power system under voltage occurs when the load increases and if the voltage correction does not take place. Conversely over voltage occurs when the load decreases and if the voltage correction does not take place. There are under voltage and over voltage protection relays provided in the circuit that trigger the triping of the circuit breakers.

Answer 6

A faulty voltage regulator at the power company substation could cause over or under voltage issues. A bad transformer feeding electric to your home can also cause it.

Answer 7

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