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Header file is a file which is meant to be included into another file during compilation. Examples: string.h, stdio.h, inttypes.h. Header pointer is a pointer to an object called header (for example header of a linked list).
That means, the header of a function. The header is the top part, before the opening braces.
Java does not require header files like C/C++.
- In your own words, define the term 'protocol' and what is the difference between protocol and protocol suite
Java doesn't use header files.
The Ethernet protocol's header includes the source MAC address.
The protocol field, in the IP header, identifies what kind of data is in the IP packet - the upper-layer protocol. For example, if the code is 6, that means that the data is a TCP segment.
UDP is a Transport layer protocol or fourth layer protocol. UDP is a connection less protocol used in transport layer. UDP header have four fields in total .
The Protocol field in the IPv4 header, which specifies the transport layer protocol used (like TCP or UDP), is not present in the fixed IPv6 header because IPv6 uses a more flexible approach with extension headers. Instead of a single Protocol field, IPv6 allows for multiple extension headers to be used, which can carry information about the transport protocol and other features. This design improves efficiency and scalability, enabling better handling of various protocols and options without cluttering the main header.
Ethernet
Internet Protocol, or IP, puts a header on every packet that it sounds out. This header is the overhead. All protocols, such as TCP or UDP, will put a header on the packet. The IP header contains information such as source IP address and destination IP address and is used by routers to figure out where to send the packet. ex. you send your friend a 1kb file, but it takes up 1.5kb of bandwidth due to overhead
next header
NMEA OUT refers to the output of NMEA (National Marine Electronics Association) data from a device. This data format is commonly used in marine electronics for communication between instruments and systems on boats and ships. NMEA OUT provides information such as GPS location, speed, heading, and other relevant data to other devices or navigation systems.
no, service of UDP
The AH (Authentication Header) protocol and the ESP (Encapsulating Security Payload) protocol both function within the network layer. They are part of the IPSec (Internet Protocol Security) standard.
The HTTP protocol simply declares the entire length of the message in part of the header called "Content-length header field".
The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is a core protocol of the Internet protocol suite. The sequence number and acknowledgement number are used to confirm receipt of data.