VLAN is a group of hosts with a common set of requirements that communicate as if they were attached to the same broadcast domain, regardless of their physical location. Inter VLAN is defined as two VLANS connected to each other and communicating.
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In traditional inter-VLAN routing (also known as "router-on-a-stick"), only one physical interface is required on the router. However, this single physical interface needs to be configured with multiple sub interfaces, each corresponding to a different VLAN. The router uses these sub interfaces to route traffic between VLANs. The configuration involves: One physical interface on the router (e.g., GigabitEthernet0/1). Multiple sub interfaces (e.g., GigabitEthernet0/1.10, GigabitEthernet0/1.20) corresponding to different VLANs. Each sub interface is assigned an IP address in the respective VLAN's subnet. This setup enables inter-VLAN routing by allowing the router to route traffic between the VLANs using a single physical interface.
To remove Fast Ethernet port fa01 from VLAN 2 and assign it to VLAN 3, the network administrator should first enter the interface configuration mode for the port by typing interface fa01. Then, the command switchport access vlan 3 should be executed to change the port's VLAN assignment. This action automatically removes the port from VLAN 2, as a port can only belong to one VLAN at a time in access mode. Finally, the changes can be saved with the write memory or copy running-config startup-config command.
A physical router device with an interface that routes between two or more VLANs that are attached to a VLAN network segment by a trunk link. In other words a " router on a [ TRUNK ] " which is originating from switches with independent non routing VLANs.
Access like carry the single vlan information & Trunk link able to carry the multiple vlan information when frames are travels from trunk mani shanker
When implementing a router-on-a-stick configuration, you must create sub-interfaces on the router's physical interface connected to the switch, with each sub-interface assigned to a different VLAN. Each sub-interface should be configured with an IP address corresponding to its VLAN's subnet, and the encapsulation type (usually 802.1Q) must be specified for each sub-interface. Additionally, ensure that the switch ports connected to the router are set to trunk mode to allow multiple VLAN traffic to pass through the link.
Switch(config)# ip default-gateway 192.168.1.254Switch(config)# interface vlan 1Switch(config-if)# ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0Switch(config-if)# interface fa0/1Switch(config-if)# switchport access vlan 1
Since VLAN's cannot communicate with other VLAN's directly, I believe you would have to set up a router to do that. I would check out how to set up a bridge between two VLAN's.
force the port to be a part of a single vlan
the switchport access vlan 99 command is used to designate a specific VLAN for a switch port, allowing you to control how traffic on that port is treated and segregated from traffic on other ports and VLANs in the network. This is a fundamental configuration step in building and managing VLANs within a network infrastructure.
vlan trunking protocols. eg :802.1q ,ISL