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A parallel circuit is used when the current through several components needs to be independent of each other. The simplest example is that of lights in a home. The lights with their switches are wired in parallel. Turning on one light does not affect any others and similarly, turning a light off does not turn off any others. Each light is supplied with the same voltage which does not change even if other lights are turned on or off.

A series circuit is one where the current flows through one component and then through a second component and so on. If the current flow through one component is changed, it is also changed in all the others in the series circuit. A string of Christmas lights is a good example. Removing one bulb from the string of lights will stop all the others operating because there is no current flowing through any of them.

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