Calomel is a colorless, white, or brown, tasteless compound most commonly used as an insecticide.
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The chemical formula for calomel is Hg2Cl2, where Hg represents mercury and Cl represents chlorine.
The calomel electrodes are usually used as the salt bridge.
The calomel electrode is dipped into a KCl solution to replenish the potassium chloride at its surface and maintain a stable electrolyte environment. This helps to ensure the proper functioning of the electrode and accurate measurement of the potential.
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The half reaction of a saturated calomel electrode is Hg2Cl2(s) 2e- - 2Hg(l) 2Cl-
246 mV
Calomel is mercury(I) chloride (mercurous chloride). It is ionic and contains the Hg22+ ion and the Cl- ion.
It cannot be used above 50 degree because the Hg2Cl2 breaks down,yielding an unstable readings. Mercurous chloride used in calomel electrode is a toxic substance
Mercury is placed at the bottom of a calomel electrode to provide a stable and well-defined interface between the electrode and the electrolyte solution. This helps to maintain a consistent potential at the electrode/solution interface, making it a reliable reference electrode in electrochemical measurements.
It cannot be used above 50 degree because the Hg2Cl2 breaks down,yielding an unstable readings. Mercurous chloride used in calomel electrode is a toxic substance
It consists of tube in the bottom of which is a layer of mercury ,over which is placed a paste of Hg+HgCl2.The remaining portion of cell is filled with a solution of normal or decinormal or saturated solution of KCl. a platinum wire dipping into the mercury layer is used for making electrical contact. the side tube is used for electrode is formulated as;Hg,Hg2Cl2,KCl. the electrode can be coupled with the hydrogen electrode of unknown pH.
No, the saturated calomel reference electrode is not suitable for use in strong alkaline solutions like 2-5 N KOH. The high pH environment can damage the electrode and affect its performance. It is better to use a reference electrode designed specifically for use in alkaline media, such as a silver/silver chloride electrode.