Summary of ars poetica?
In the first section, he insists that a poem should be 'silent',
dumb' or wordless. This seems contradictory or paradoxical as a
poem uses words and is not silent. However, what he intends is the
imagist concept of art, namely being brief and being direct. This
is achieved through using the right words and right images which
appeal to the reader's senses of touch, sight, smell, hearing and
taste. To convey this he has used the image of fruit that can be
tasted or directly felt without the need for words/explanations.
Also 'globed fruit' indicates the universality of the senses
indicating that sensual images transcend individual cultures and
time. Medallions are dumb to the feel of the thumb yet the image of
medallions that commemorate past events recalls to memory the
emotive past. Similarly, the silent image of 'sleeve worn stone of
casement ledges' evokes the sense of touch and along with it
nostalgic memories of someone waiting and looking out by the
window. Finally, the image of the soundless flight of birds touches
the sense of sight. There is action yet it is a silent action. So
too should a poem be: it should speak silently, which means, a poem
doesn't brashly convey a message or meaning but should evoke
emotion/experience and impel imagination through images/words.
In the second section, he uses the image of the moon to state
that a poem should be 'motionless in time' like the moon. The moon
moves but its movement can not be easily perceived. So should
poetry be. This could mean that good poems transcend time since
they speak of universal experience. Yet each poem is rooted in the
concrete i.e. in real, particular experience. What make them
universal are the images used and the emotions evoked. Again, the
poet uses imagery to illustrate the point. A poem leave
memories/emotions/feelings in our mind just like the rising
moon.Its imperceptible, incremental movement releases with its
light, twig by twig the trees entangled by darkness and with
continuous rising leaves the winter behind.
The third section seems to refute the idea that art is a search
for truth as echoed in Keats' line 'beauty is truth, truth beauty'.
For the poet, 'a poem should be equal to: not true'. Poetry is not
concerned with the generalities of truth, beauty, goodness or
historical facts. On the contrary what it should do is to capture
human experience like an experience of grief, or of love, or of
loneliness through images. As in the other two sections he uses
images to illustrate the point. He uses the images of an 'empty
doorway' or 'a maple leaf' to suggest the universal experience and
history of grief and the images of 'the leaning grasses and two
lights above the sea' to evoke the experience of love. The last
couplet 'a poem should not mean but be' seems to re-echo the
imagist principle of art for art's sake and poetry as capturing
life using precise images that achieve clarity of expression.
Poetry should not try to take on great unanswerable philosophical
questions or convey some meaning/message. Instead good poetry
should use concrete images to capture and evoke a moment of
personal experience to take in the richness of being.