Traditional leaders exercise their authority through established customs, cultural practices, and social norms within their communities. They often hold ceremonial roles, mediate conflicts, and provide guidance, drawing on their knowledge of local traditions and histories. Additionally, their authority is typically reinforced by the respect and loyalty of community members, who view them as custodians of cultural heritage and local governance. This influence can be both formal and informal, depending on the societal context and the specific roles they play.
Christian sources of authority are primarily the Bible. Some Christian churches have leaders who receive revelations from God giving them authority like the Catholic Pope or the Mormon Prophet.
The Enlightenment and the Great Awakening prompted Americans to challenge traditional sources of authority. These movements showed citizens the how to reason and think for themselves, instead of just following authority. They felt that people should follow the way of Jesus instead of blindly following the current leaders in authority.
this is the exercise of authority by the governing authority
Traditional authority,legal authority,and autocratic authority.
Athenian leaders disliked Socrates because he challenged traditional beliefs, questioned authority, and influenced the youth to think critically. They viewed him as a threat to the established order and accused him of corrupting the youth and promoting impiety.
The English honorific used to refer to traditional leaders is "Chief."
There is no blanket answer, however most dictatorships do not exercise limited authority over people.
formal theory of authority
Traditional authority is based on longstanding custom and beliefs, with power passed down through generations. Rational-legal authority, on the other hand, is based on established laws and rules, with power derived from one's position in a hierarchical structure. Traditional authority is often seen in traditional societies, while rational-legal authority is characteristic of modern bureaucratic systems.
The Religous leaders or the Ayatollahs.
Max Weber's theory of power emphasizes the role of authority and legitimacy in the exercise of power. He argued that power can be maintained through a combination of traditional, charismatic, and rational-legal authority. Weber also highlighted the importance of bureaucracy as a dominant form of organization in modern societies for the exercise of power.
Socrates was considered dangerous by Athenian leaders because he questioned traditional beliefs, challenged authority, and encouraged critical thinking among the youth. This was seen as a threat to the stability of Athenian society and the influence of traditional institutions. Additionally, his teachings were perceived as corrupting the minds of the youth and undermining the city's values.