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Ventricular hypertrophy due to exercise, often referred to as "athlete's heart," involves an increase in the size and mass of the heart's ventricular walls in response to regular physical training. This adaptation enhances the heart's efficiency and ability to pump blood, improving overall cardiovascular performance. In contrast, pathological hypertrophy, often caused by conditions like hypertension or Heart disease, can lead to decreased heart function and increased risk of cardiovascular events. Thus, while exercise-induced hypertrophy is generally beneficial, pathological hypertrophy is detrimental.

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