32P
Blender
The genetic mateial is made of DNA and not of proteins
They tore of the surface of the surfaces of the bacteria with the help of a blender.
DNA controls heredity, not proteins.
DNA controls heredity, not proteins.
Hershey and Chase discovered that after the P-labeled phages infected the bacteria, most of the radioactive phosphorus was found in the viral DNA, while little to no radioactive sulfur (used to label protein) was found. This confirmed that genetic material, not protein, is responsible for heredity in viruses.
The Hershey-Chase experiment disproved proteins as the physical carrier of inheritance and instead provided evidence that DNA is the primary molecule responsible for transmitting genetic information.
Hershey and Chase knew that the particular phage they worked with has two basic components: DNA on the inside, coated with protein on the outside. In their expt theylabelled phages with radioisotopes . For one batch of infecting phages, they used a radioactive isotope of sulfur to label only the phages' protein coats.In another batch of phages, they used a radioactive isotope of phosphorus to label only DNA. Next, they allowed each batch of phages to infect separate cultures of nonradioactive bacterial cells. They then whirled each culture in a blender to shake loose any parts of the phages that remained outside the bacterial cells. Result of expt. confirmed that only DNA of phage entered bacteria .
The genetic mateial is made of DNA and not of proteins
The genetic mateial is made of DNA and not of proteins
Hershey and Chase knew that bacteriophages infect bacteria by injecting their DNA into the host cell. This led them to use bacteriophages in their DNA experiment to confirm that DNA, not protein, is the genetic material responsible for heredity. By radioactively labeling the DNA and proteins of the virus, they were able to trace the genetic material through the infection process.
Hershey and Chase used radioactive Sulfur to label viral proteins, as proteins contain sulfur. By growing the viruses in a culture containing both radioactive Sulfur and Phosphorus, they could differentiate between viral proteins (labeled with Sulfur) and viral DNA (labeled with Phosphorus). If they had only used one radioactive substance, they would not have been able to determine the specific molecule (protein or DNA) that the virus injected into the host cell.