The Puritans were a religious group in the 16th and 17th centuries, primarily in England, who sought to reform and purify the Church of England from practices they viewed as corrupt and too similar to Roman Catholicism. They emphasized a strict interpretation of the Bible, personal piety, and moral living. Many Puritans migrated to North America in the early 1600s, establishing colonies such as Massachusetts Bay, where they aimed to create a "city upon a hill" as a model of Christian living. Their influence is significant in shaping American culture, politics, and religious life.