Thorium can be strip mined and it could be deep mined. It is be produced as a byproduct of the production of rare earth elements, and since the current production as a byproduct far exceeds the demand, it is not usually mined.
Thorium as a metal is obtained by a calciothermic process from thorium dioxide. Other methods are: electrolysis of thorium tetrafluoride and thermal decomposition of thorium tetraiodide (Van Arkel-de Boer process).
Thorium as a metal is obtained by a calciothermic process from thorium dioxide. Other methods are: electrolysis of thorium tetrafluoride and thermal decomposition of thorium tetraiodide (Van Arkel-de Boer process).
Thorium was discovered in 1828 in Sweden by the well-known chemist Jöns Jakob Berzelius.
no
No it is not found . Monazite sand usually contains thorium.
Lignite used/mined in in 1850-1950 (estimated)
The "analyze and draw conclusions" step of the scientific method is based on gathered data.
Thorium is extracted from minerals as monazite, thorianite, thorite, the mineral is grounded, dissolved in nitric acid, thorium is extracted with tributylphosphate. Also other methods exist.Pure thorium is obtained from ThO2 by a calciothermic process, from ThI2 by thermal decomposition or from ThF4 by electrolysis.
In the past protactinium was extracted from the residues of uranium ores; now is extracted from thorium irradiated in nuclear reactors.
Iron is gathered by making use of the magnet. Iron is usually mined as iron ore. Since it is magnetic, a magnet is used to separate it from the other foreign particles.
Common compounds of thorium: thorium dioxide, thorium trifluoride, thorium tetrafluoride, thorium tetrachloride, thorium triiodide, thorium diiodide, thorium tetraiodide, thorium nitrate, thorium oxalate, thorium carbide, thorium sulfides, thorium nitride, thorium oxinate, etc.
Hazards and Health Considerations: Thorium presents both a toxic and radiological hazard. Toxicologically, it causes heavy metal poisoning similar to lead or the uranium isotopes. Biologically, thorium accumulates in the skeletal system where it has a biological half-life of 200 years, the same as plutonium. An M 17 protective mask and standard anti-contamination clothing will adequately protect against thorium.
Thorium and fluorine Thorium trifluoride - ThF3 Thorium tetrafluoride - ThF4
Thorium don't smell.
Thorium (Th).
Thorium is a natural, radioactive, chemical element; chemically, thorium is homogeneous.
Thorium-232 is appearing in the thorium series.
Thorium: soft but strong! Thorium is totally radioactive!
Thorium is a tetravalent element. Thorium react slowly with water; thorium can react with concentrated nitric acid and hydrogen chloride. Thorium can react with the majority of other chemical elements. The Pauling electronegativity of thorium is 1,3.