A wall without column structure. The wall itself support the loading from the upper floor. In conventional structure, the column support the loading from the upper beam and transfer it to the lower beam.
What do you mean by 'masonry beariing wall'. A wall can be made of masonry. The part of a building which is weight bearing, is the foundation. What do you mean by thick Iowl der. Masonry walls are usually 10 cm thick, because this was thought to be a very practical thickness if building brick walls about 2&1/2 Metre high. Any thinner, and it would be unstable and fall down. Foundations are made about 45 cm thick so as to distribute the load of the masonry wall evenly over a large area. This reduces the worry that the wall may sink or drop, and allow the walls to collapse .
That can't be answered without seeing the details of your plans.
Usually copestone is used to form the sloping to course of a masonry wall. However if the client wants another type of stone, depending on how strong the wall has to be, there may be other possibilities.
Usually, a load bearing wall will be perpendicular to the roof ridge.
used to support the load above an opening cut into an existing masonry wall
Support the load whatever it is, roof, second floor, generally by putting a temporary beam under the joist inside of the existing wall, tear the wall out and put in a beam to carry the load. How big the beam needs to be depends on what the load is and how long the span is. Support the beam on each end and remove the temporary beam. These are the general steps, each project is going to be slightly different and has to be figured on it's own.
If the hole is large, the wall will need propping to take some of the load from the portion of wall above the hole. This propping needs to be done with materials that can take the load. There are specialist props used in construction. Get a professional to look at it. A masonry wall, or the part of the building that it is supporting can be lethal if it fails.
The recommended size and material for a support beam to reinforce a load-bearing wall in a residential structure is typically a steel or engineered wood beam that is sized according to the specific load requirements of the wall. It is important to consult with a structural engineer to determine the exact specifications needed for the support beam.
Beam is a member which transfers the load of slab and walls to column. Wall is use for partition in between rooms,kitchen,bath to maintain privacy
A wall without column structure. The wall itself support the loading from the upper floor. In conventional structure, the column support the loading from the upper beam and transfer it to the lower beam.
You need at least 50 square inches of bearing (at least 2x6 wall for a 10" wide beam). You also have to make sure to have proper pad below and enough studs (of filled cells) in the wall to accomodate the load.
If the wall is subjected to shear forces due to horizontal loading, it becomes a shear wall whether it is a masonry or a concrete wall.
If I am reading the question correctly, a load bearing wall was removed and replaced with a beam? Clear span, no post in the middle? If cracks are appearing, the beam that was used was not big enough. For any space of 8 feet or more, 2x12 and plywood should be used for the beam or an engineered truss used.
If the concrete roof is on a brick load bearing wall you cannot open up the wall unless you have a concrete-steel beam below it . If you want a small door or window as opening you can open up the wall (not completely) but lay a beam under the wall for strength .
A masonry beam is more often called a "bond beam." This is where a block is cut or manufactured with a slot to lay down one or two pieces of rebar down inside the block horizontally. The blocks are filled with grout and this adds horizontal strength to the wall by tying the vertical cells that are filled with grout to the horizontal cells that are filled with grout, creating a grid making the wall much stronger. www.masonryworktools.com
What do you mean by 'masonry beariing wall'. A wall can be made of masonry. The part of a building which is weight bearing, is the foundation. What do you mean by thick Iowl der. Masonry walls are usually 10 cm thick, because this was thought to be a very practical thickness if building brick walls about 2&1/2 Metre high. Any thinner, and it would be unstable and fall down. Foundations are made about 45 cm thick so as to distribute the load of the masonry wall evenly over a large area. This reduces the worry that the wall may sink or drop, and allow the walls to collapse .