Electrons. ( plus that proton )
NAD+ can shuttle electrons because it can accept electrons to become reduced to NADH, which can then donate those electrons to other molecules in the cell. This ability to cycle between oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH) forms allows NAD+ to act as a carrier of high-energy electrons during processes like cellular respiration.
NAD+ is reduced. It becomes NADH.
to accept high energy electrons
NAD+ gets oxidized by accepting electrons (and protons) during redox reactions. It is reduced to NADH when it accepts these electrons.
Hydrogen ions and a pair of electrons are added to NAD+ to reduce it to NADH. This reduction reaction is important in cellular respiration for the generation of ATP.
the free energy liberated when electrons are removed from the organic molecules must be greater than the energy required to give the electrons to NAD+
During glycolysis, NAD+ acts as an electron carrier molecule. It accepts two electrons and a proton to form NADH. This is important for the oxidation-reduction reactions that occur during glycolysis, allowing for the transfer of electrons and the generation of ATP.
They form FADH2 and NADH
NADH is reduced compared to NAD+ because it gains electrons and a hydrogen ion to form NADH during cellular respiration. In this process, NAD+ acts as an electron carrier that accepts electrons and a hydrogen ion from substrates being oxidized, converting it to NADH.
NAD+ picks up two electrons and one hydrogen atom, forming NADH. This reduction reaction allows for the transfer of energy in biochemical processes such as cellular respiration.
When NAD+ is reduced to NADH, it accepts two electrons and a hydrogen ion, becoming a carrier of high-energy electrons. This conversion usually occurs during cellular respiration where NADH is a key player in transferring electrons to the electron transport chain for ATP production.