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WHAT IS PSYCHOLOGY?

Grade 11 NCERT - Chapter 1

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Cards in this guide (13)
Psychological knowledge contributes to:

Human well-being.

Term of Psychology:

The term psychology is derived from two Greek words 'psyche' meaning soul and 'logos' meaning science or study of a subject.

Psychology is the study of:

Soul and mind.

Two bases of Psychology:

Biological and Social.

Psychology:

Defined formally as a science which studies mental processes, experiences and behaviour in different contexts.

Mental Processes:

State of consciousness or awareness.

Brain Vs. Mind:
  • mutually overlapping, not identical.
    - physical structure or has a location.
    - Mind: Evolves as interactions and experiences get dynamically
    organised as a system responsible for mental processes.
    - Brain provides clues as to how our mind functions.
Some mental processes are:

Remembering, learning, knowing, perceiving, feeling.

Experience:
  • Subjective in nature.
  • Embedded in our awareness or consciousness.
  • Influenced by internal and the external conditions of the
experiencer.
Nature of experiences:
  • Subjective.
    - Can only be understood by analysing a complex set of internal
    and external conditions.
Behaviour:
  • Responses or reactions we make or activities we engage in.
    - Association between stimulus (S) and response (R).
    - [(S) and (R) can be internal/ external]
Types of behaviour:

Overt: Can be outwardly seen/ sensed by an observer.

Covert: Cannot be outwardly seen/ sensed by an observer.

Bias:

Our own points of view/ ways influence our interpretations of behaviours and experiences.

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