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☆☆☆☆☆To capture Jerusalem and gain control of the Holy Lands. However, eventually the Christian troops also extended the crusade to include taking Spain from the Moors and the Slavs from Eastern Europe.
Monasticism is a life of living apart from society in order to better worship.
To make Jerusalem a Christian city To drive Muslims out of Jerusalem.
To retake the Holy Land
- An increase in trade
- An increase in the power of popes
- A weakening of the Byzantine Empire
Answer 1
Manors were agricultural estates, given to lords, usually by a king, in exchange for military and political support. Labor was provided by peasants who lived on the manors, in exchange for a place to live, fields to farm, and protection. A manor had a manor house, where the lord might live, though many lords had more than one manor. A manor usually included a small community, at least a hamlet, but more often a village, where the peasants and other laborers lived. If there was a village, the village had a church. There was usually a bakery, or at least someone, such as a miller, who baked bread. In addition, there could be other craftsmen on a manor, such as spinsters, weavers, potters, carpenters, and so on.
A permanent market place was the distinguishing feature of a town. A manor never or nearly never had a permanent market.
Answer 2
Peasants lived in a village outside the manor
Ivan IV was called Ivan the terrible cause his temper grew as he got older. Ivan also killed a lot of rich people including his eldest son.
CHARLEMAGNE
Oleg merged the Viking and Slavic culture. He gained control of Kiev. He signed a commercial agreement with the Byzantines.
To reduce the threat of attacks
Recapturing lost Roman lands
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Constantinople was located on major trade routes.
Emperor Justinian
In a feudal society, serfs had to pay lords with crops
