Nerve impulses that originate in the central nervous system cause muscles to contract. Muscle fiber generates tension during the action of actin and myosin cross-bridge cycling. While under tension, the muscle may lengthen, shorten, or remain the same.
Agonist
The answer is AGONIST.
The action is the flattening of your diaphragm, or the muscle that helps your lungs inhale and exhale.
These are found in muscle cells. The action causes contractions. They cause a sliding or shortening movement.
The stimulus that travels from the motor neuron to skeletal muscle is an electrical signal called an action potential. This action potential causes the release of neurotransmitters, specifically acetylcholine, which then stimulates muscle contraction.
The action potential is conducted into a skeletal muscle fiber by the depolarization of the motor end plate, which triggers the opening of voltage-gated sodium channels. This causes an influx of sodium ions into the muscle fiber, leading to depolarization and the initiation of muscle contraction.
The effector muscle for the calcaneal reflex (also known as the Achilles reflex) is the gastrocnemius muscle in the calf. When the Achilles tendon is tapped, it causes a contraction of the gastrocnemius muscle, resulting in plantar flexion of the foot.
The combining of the neurotransmitter with the muscle membrane receptors causes the membrane to become permeable to sodium ions and depolarization of the membrane. This depolarization triggers an action potential that leads to muscle contraction.
When a horse pulls a cart, the action is on the horse. The horse exerts force on the cart through its harness, which causes the cart to move. This action is a result of the horse's muscle power and body strength.
When the neurotransmitter acetylcholine binds to the motor end plate, it triggers the opening of sodium channels in the muscle cell membrane. This influx of sodium ions leads to depolarization of the cell, creating an action potential that propagates along the muscle fiber, ultimately leading to muscle contraction.
antagonist muscle
An incoming action potential to an alpha motor neuron causes acetylcholine (Ach)release at the end plate, Ach binds to Ach receptors on the sarcolemma causing a sodium influx which causes depolarization.