Cytokines
An antigen is a substance that triggers an immune response in the body, by stimulating the production of antibodies. This response helps the body to recognize and destroy harmful pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, or foreign substances.
The viral theory suggests that the immune system is activated in response to a viral invader, but then fails to turn itself off. Some other immune malfunction then causes the overly active immune system to begin attacking the body's own tissues.
The immune system is run by white blood cells which attack any foriegn objects in the body. They grow stronger and begin to recognize sickness which allows you to become fully immune if you have a great immune system.
Inflammation is a response from your immune system in response to an irritant. For example, if you sprain your ankle, your immune system creates a protein called a Circulating Immune Complex (CIC for short). The CIC travels down to the injured ankle and causes pain and swelling.The pain you feel is to inform you of the injury or damage. And the swelling is protective as it prevents you from moving it and causing more irritation. This is also your body's way of running to the problem with fresh blood, antibodies and vital cells in order to begin healing and repairing the damage.from: http://www.losethebackpain.com/inflammation5.html
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because HIV, AIDS attacks your body's immune system. You know the system responsible for fighting off infections and making it possible for wounds to heal and such. When there is no immune system response to a virus or infection, then said virus or infection takes over rendering the body defenseless.
The first step in tissue repair involves inflammation. This is the body's initial response to injury or damage, where blood vessels dilate to increase blood flow to the area, allowing immune cells to remove debris and begin the healing process.
Some people who get migraine headaches have warning signals before the headaches begin, such as restlessness, tingling in an arm or leg, or seeing patterns of flashing lights.
The idea of immunisation is that you expose the immune system to the pathogen, ennabling it to recognise the pathogen and produce mature memory Helper T cells. This means that upon its second exposure the immune system is activated faster and more efficiently, allowing the immune system to kill off the pathogen quicker. In some cases antibodies are produced that can neutralise toxins, preventing their damaging effects. If memory T cells were not produced then the immune system would have to re-learn how to fight a pathogen every time.
To accept the ligand that properly fits the receptor sit. Then the G protein is activated and GDP is phosphorylated to GTP and the protein goes on to begin signal transduction in one of several ways open to G proteins.