Cytokines
An antigen is a substance that triggers an immune response in the body, by stimulating the production of antibodies. This response helps the body to recognize and destroy harmful pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, or foreign substances.
The viral theory suggests that the immune system is activated in response to a viral invader, but then fails to turn itself off. Some other immune malfunction then causes the overly active immune system to begin attacking the body's own tissues.
In pneumonia, antigens, typically bacteria or viruses, enter the lungs through inhalation of respiratory droplets or aspiration of infected secretions. Once in the pulmonary alveoli, these pathogens evade the host's immune response and begin to multiply, leading to inflammation and the characteristic symptoms of pneumonia. The immune system responds by recruiting immune cells to the site of infection, which can further contribute to lung damage and impaired gas exchange. This interplay between the pathogens and the immune response is critical in the progression of pneumonia.
Antibodies against HIV/AIDS are produced within the immune system, specifically by B cells, which are a type of white blood cell. When the body is exposed to the HIV virus, these B cells recognize the virus and begin to produce specific antibodies to target and neutralize it. This process is part of the adaptive immune response, which can take several weeks to generate a measurable antibody response after infection.
Entry and multiplication of an infectious agent in the body is known as infection. It occurs when pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, or fungi, invade the host's tissues, evade the immune system, and begin to replicate. This process can lead to disease if the pathogen disrupts normal bodily functions or triggers an immune response.
The immune system is run by white blood cells which attack any foriegn objects in the body. They grow stronger and begin to recognize sickness which allows you to become fully immune if you have a great immune system.
Inflammation is a response from your immune system in response to an irritant. For example, if you sprain your ankle, your immune system creates a protein called a Circulating Immune Complex (CIC for short). The CIC travels down to the injured ankle and causes pain and swelling.The pain you feel is to inform you of the injury or damage. And the swelling is protective as it prevents you from moving it and causing more irritation. This is also your body's way of running to the problem with fresh blood, antibodies and vital cells in order to begin healing and repairing the damage.from: http://www.losethebackpain.com/inflammation5.html
Cells that begin with the letter "D" include dendritic cells, which are crucial for the immune response by presenting antigens to T cells. Another example is dermal fibroblasts, which play a key role in skin structure and wound healing. Additionally, there are delta cells, which are a type of pancreatic cell that secrete somatostatin.
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because HIV, AIDS attacks your body's immune system. You know the system responsible for fighting off infections and making it possible for wounds to heal and such. When there is no immune system response to a virus or infection, then said virus or infection takes over rendering the body defenseless.
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