Antibodies
Antibodies
Antibodies
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B lymphocytes that will divide to form 1.plasma cells which produce specific antibodies and 2.memory cells which is the basis of immunological response.
The Word Immune Means a : having or producing antibodies or lymphocytes capable of reacting with a specific antigen ( I Got That From Merriam-Websters Online Dictionary...) Hope That Helped!(:
White blood cells are part of the immune system, which helps to protect the body against disease-causing pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. These cells play a crucial role in identifying and neutralizing invaders to keep the body healthy.
Clonal selection theory explains how the adaptive immune system selects and amplifies immune cells (such as B cells and T cells) that are specific to antigens. When a pathogen enters the body, immune cells with receptors that match the antigen are selected for activation and proliferation, leading to a targeted immune response. This theory is fundamental to understanding how the immune system responds to infections and develops immunological memory.
When dead or weakened microbes are introduced into a healthy body, the immune system recognizes them as foreign invaders. This triggers an immune response, leading to the activation of various immune cells and the production of antibodies. This process helps the body to "learn" how to respond to similar live pathogens in the future, effectively preparing the immune system for potential infections. This principle is the basis for many vaccines, which use killed or attenuated microbes to build immunity.
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The cause of dermatomyositis is a disruption in the functioning of the immune system, although the precise details of the malfunction are not yet known. While the basis of the disease may be due to a genetic mutation, conclusive evidence is lacking.
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Diseases of the immune system may be either genetically inherited, or caused by exposure to chemicals or medications during life. What these range or diseases have in common is a "down-regulated" or diminished immune system, which includes both cellular elements such as white blood cells, as well as substances within the plasma itself. A normal WBC level of 5-10,000 may be reduced to below 3,000 in immune-compromised persons, or even below 500 in persons with HIV infections. This may result in increased frequency and/or severity of infections in the individuals of either an acute or chronic nature. Treatment depends on causes; if genetic, many drug manufacturers produce "orphan" drugs which can replace missing enzymes or proteins to the body when taken on a lifelong basis. Only genetic engineering research has the possibility of reducing this lifelong dependence. If a diminished immune system is a side effect of drug use, as in chemotherapy or radiation, increased monitoring for signs of infection and rapid application of antibiotics may be provided until the immune system is reconstituted.