Is the central ,light staining region within a lymphoid follicle in spleen ,lymph nodes,or mucosal lymphoid tissue that forms during T cell-dependent humoral immune response and is the site of B cell and antibodies affinity maturation and antibodies class swiching .
First the structure of a lymph node... we have the cortex, paracortex and the medulla. It is made mainly of recticular cells, then lymphocytes and macrophage. So you have APCs presenting the antigen which enter lymph node via HEV, basically post-capillary venous swelling made of simple cuboidal cells. These allows things in blood to enter the lymph node. Then after that you have the APC interacting with B cells in the cortex and the T helper cells in paracortex. Both B and T cells get stimulated. B cells can either stay in cortex to form secondary follicles / germinal center or migrate to medullary cord to become plasma cells and secrete antibodies. The function of germinal center is to increase antibody affinity, isotope change (change classes) and differentiation and proliferation.
no
Lymph nodes
no
The cells that cluster around the medullary sinuses in the lymph nodes are called reticular cells. These cells form a network of connective tissue, providing structural support for the lymph nodes. They also play a role in filtering lymph and facilitating immune responses.
Yes, primary nodules don't have germinal centers(active B cells) while secondary nodules do.
One-way valves inside the lymphatic vessels prevent the backflow of lymph, helping to maintain a unidirectional flow towards the heart. This structural design ensures that lymph is pushed in the right direction, from the tissues towards the bloodstream.
Lymphocytes
yes
deoxyganated blood
a. outer follicle b. germinal centres c. medullary cords d. sinuses
g