Villi
bile
Appendix
The cecum is located in the first part of the large intestine. This serves as a connection between the ileum to the ascending colon and a part of the intestine that moves the waste to be excreted.
The appendix is the extra piece attached to the large intestine that serves no discernible purpose and can be removed without causing harm to the body.
Almost 90% of our daily fluid intake is absorbed in the small intestine.The small intestine is covered with villi and microvilli. They increase the surface area of the intestinal wall exposed to chyme by 60,000%. The increased surface area makes the small intestine very efficient in absorption. Capillaries in the villi absorb amino acids, glucose, fructose, and galactose while lacteals absorb fatty acid and glycerol to travel through the lymphatic vessels.The large intestine serves as a reservoir for the liquids emptied into it, through the ileocecal valve, from the small intestine. It has a much larger diameter than the small intestine. The large intestine, or colon, may be divided into the cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, and sigmoid colon. The primary function of the colon is to absorb water and electrolytes (substances, such as salts, that in solution take on an electrical charge) from the ileal contents and to store fecal material until it can be evacuated by defecation.
Horse and sheep have a large intestine that serves as a site for fermentation as well as absorption of water and electrolytes. Dogs and cats have a shorter and simpler large intestine compared to horses and sheep.
An exchange surface is in direct contact with the external environment in the respiratory and digestive systems. In the respiratory system, the alveoli in the lungs act as exchange surfaces for oxygen and carbon dioxide. In the digestive system, the lining of the small intestine serves as an exchange surface for the absorption of nutrients.
a cow
horse
The rectum is the part of the large intestine just proximal to the anus.
no it is a part of the digestive sistem
The mouth increases the surface area of the food so that it will be easier to be digested in the stomach/small intestine. The stomach breaks down proteins and makes the food acidic, while the small intestine breaks down fats, lipids, and proteins and makes the food return to a normal pH. The liver synthesizes bile, which serves as an emulsifier, which means that it breaks down the fat by increasing the surface area to volume ratio. Those are probably the "main ones", but there are other important ones like the large intestine.