Mainly tibial nerve, and superficial peroneal
Smooth muscle Cardiac muscle Gland
The somatic nervous system contains efferent nerves, such as the motor neurons that control voluntary movement of muscles. For example, the efferent nerves that innervate the skeletal muscles in your arms to produce movement when you reach for something are part of the somatic efferent nerves.
No, sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves do not supply voluntary skeletal muscles. These nerves primarily innervate smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands, helping to regulate involuntary functions in the body. Voluntary skeletal muscles are under the control of the somatic nervous system.
The nerves that carry activating impulses to the muscles of inspiration are primarily the phrenic nerves. These nerves originate from the cervical spinal cord (C3-C5) and innervate the diaphragm, the primary muscle of respiration. Additionally, the intercostal nerves, which arise from the thoracic spinal nerves, stimulate the intercostal muscles that assist in expanding the thoracic cavity during inhalation. Together, these nerves coordinate the process of breathing.
leg
The face is not included in typical dermatome distribution because the cranial nerves innervate the face instead of spinal nerves. The cranial nerves, specifically the trigeminal nerve (CN V), provide sensory innervation to the face.
The intercostal nerves innervate the muscles and skin in the thoracic wall. Specifically, they provide motor innervation to the intercostal muscles, which are essential for breathing, and sensory innervation to the skin over the thorax and upper abdominal wall. Each intercostal nerve corresponds to a specific rib and supplies the area below it, extending from T1 to T11. The T12 nerve, known as the subcostal nerve, innervates the area below the 12th rib.
vagus nerve and sympathetic fibers
The major function of the phrenic nerves is to innervate the diaphragm, which is the primary muscle responsible for respiration. These nerves play a crucial role in controlling the movement of the diaphragm during breathing by sending signals from the brain to the diaphragm muscle. Dysfunction of the phrenic nerves can lead to respiratory issues and difficulty breathing.
The major nerve that runs through the arm is the brachial plexus, which is a network of nerves originating from the spinal cord in the neck. It branches into several nerves, including the median, ulnar, and radial nerves, which innervate the muscles and skin of the arm and hand. These nerves are responsible for motor and sensory functions in the upper limb.
Motor nerves allow the brain to stimulate muscle contraction. A motor nerve is an efferent nerve that exclusively contains the axons of somatic and branchial motoneurons, which innervate skeletal muscles (that ensure locomotion) and branchial muscles (that motorize the face and neck).
calf muscles and arm muscles adductors abductors