The binding of a neurotransmitter to a dendrite will cause one these three things to happen:
It all depends on the neurotransmitter. Neurotransmitter are means by which neurons communicate with one another. There are more than 30 compounds known to be neurotransmitters, and dozens of others are thought to be so.
According to Biologists, the hyper polarization of a dendrite by a neurotransmitter is known as an inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP).
Synaptic of dendrite
affecting neurotransmitter release, blocking neurotransmitter reuptake, or binding to neurotransmitter receptors. This alters the signaling between neurons and can have various effects on mood, behavior, and other physiological processes.
neural plasticity - neurons can alter their: - dendrite-to-dendrite connections - axon-to-dendrite connections - axon-to-axon connections - neurotransmitter receptor density This allows for the brain to change the way that different neural networks interconnect, and it also allows regulation and modulation of neural signals so that the "weights" between neurons are changed to remodulate those signals. Diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, ALS, and multiple sclerosis, can also result in demyelination, which results in signal loss along axons.
Reuptake. Reuptake is the process by which neurotransmitters are taken back up into the presynaptic neuron after being released into the synaptic cleft.
The tiny gap that the neurotransmitter has to diffuse across to reach the membrane of the postsynaptic neuron is called the synaptic cleft. It separates the axon terminal of the presynaptic neuron from the dendrite of the postsynaptic neuron.
The neurotransmitter is released from the axon terminal.
Neurotransmitter binding are designed to be brief so that another one can be initiated if needed. Failure to break down neurotransmitters so that a signal is always activated can be disasterous to a biological organism. In fact, nerve gases, (e.g. sarin) work by inhibiting the enzyme cholinesterase, which breaks down acetylcholine in autonomic nerve synapses and neuromuscular junctions.
A molecule such as a neurotransmitter or hormone that binds to a receptor is called a ligand. This binding triggers a biological response in the target cell, influencing its function.
When a neurotransmitter binds to its receptor on the motor endplate, it triggers the opening of ion channels in the postsynaptic membrane. This allows for the influx of ions, typically leading to depolarization of the muscle cell membrane and initiation of a muscle action potential. Subsequently, this leads to contraction of the muscle fiber.
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Anticholinergics are a class of medications that inhibit parasympathetic nerve impulses by selectively blocking the binding of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine to its receptor in nerve cells.