In the gray matter of the spinal cord.
The autonomic reflex centers are located in the brainstem and spinal cord. The brainstem houses important autonomic centers such as the medulla oblongata and pons, which regulate functions like heart rate and respiration. The spinal cord contains reflex arcs that control activities like urination and defecation.
False. Reflex actions are typically coordinated by reflex arcs involving the spinal cord rather than reflex centers in the brain. The spinal cord can process and respond to certain stimuli without involving higher brain centers, allowing for quick and automatic responses.
Reflex centers for head and neck movements are primarily located in the brainstem, particularly in the medulla oblongata and pons. These areas process sensory input from the vestibular system, visual system, and proprioceptors, coordinating appropriate motor responses. Additionally, the spinal cord plays a role in facilitating reflex actions through connections with cranial and spinal nerves involved in neck and head movements.
The integration centers for the defecation reflex are in the sacral region of the spinal cord and involve the parasympathetic nervous system. The integration centers for the urination reflex are in the spinal cord and brainstem, coordinating signals between the bladder, urethra, and brain to control the process of urination.
Medulla Oblongata
Yes, the micturition reflex is an autonomic spinal reflex. It involves both the autonomic nervous system and the somatic nervous system, coordinating the contraction of the bladder's detrusor muscle and relaxation of the external urethral sphincter. This reflex is initiated when the bladder fills with urine, sending signals through stretch receptors to the spinal cord, leading to the urge to urinate. While it can be influenced by higher brain centers, the basic reflex arc operates at the spinal level.
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Within the gray matter of the spinal cord
The knee-jerk reflex is a type of stretch reflex, which is a type of spinal reflex. It involves the stimulation of sensory neurons in the muscle spindles of the quadriceps muscle, leading to a quick contraction of the muscle in response to a sudden stretch.
located in the midbrain; contains flex centers for vision and audition - Corpora quadrigemina.
Spinal reflex therapy is a neurological soft tissue procedure that gets powerful and reliable results. You can learn more at Spinal Reflex Institute's website.
spinal cord