"Never heat a capped vessel." In both these steps a container is being heated and if not open to the atmosphere, pressure could build up inside and make the vessel explode.
The closed reflux method is more efficient in the oxidation of volatile organic compounds than is the opened reflux method. The reason for this is that the oxidant is in contact with these compounds for a longer time. Besides, the closed method is cheaper as only 2 mL of sample is required, since 5 mL is the total volume of the mixture. This means that the amounts of reagents and sample are reduced by a factor of over 20 compared to the opened reflux method. In addition, this fact makes the method less contaminating and allows for the simultaneous digestion of a great number of samples
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Because from an open container a gas diffuse in the atmosphere.
The oil bath method is a technique used in chemistry and biology labs to heat substances indirectly by placing them in a container of oil that is heated. It provides a more uniform and controlled heating environment compared to open flame heating, reducing the risk of overheating or burning the sample. Oil baths are commonly used for reactions that require gentle and consistent heating, such as distillation or reflux.
Majority of people do not need surgery for heartburn, which can be controlled with medications. Surgery is only indicated if trial with medication has failed or in cases of severe reflux it is interfering with normal work and life. Two options are available for anti reflux surgery, open surgery or Laparoscopic anti reflux surgery and both should be available in Good hospitals in Philippines
Gases also have but it is difficult to detect, air (atmosphere) has an outer open surface.
The carbon dioxide (CO2) is released in the atmosphere.
In an open cycle gas turbine, the gases that are produced by combustion go directly into the atmosphere, though the heat produced can sometimes be reclaimed. In a closed cycle gas turbine, the gases produced are reused and are not emitted into the atmosphere.
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yes
The two most elementary forms of distillation are a continuous http://www.answers.com/topic/equilibrium-flash-vaporization and a simple http://www.answers.com/topic/batch-distillation. In a continuous equilibrium distillation, a continuously flowing liquid feed is heated or reduced in pressure (flashed) so as to cause partial vaporization. The vapor and liquid disengage while flowing through an open drum, and the products emerge as vapor and liquid streams. The vapor product can be condensed to form a liquid distillate. It is also possible to use a vapor feed, subjected to cooling and thereby http://www.answers.com/topic/partial-condensation, again followed by http://www.answers.com/topic/disengagement of the resultant vapor and liquid in an open drum. In a simple batch distillation, an entire batch of liquid is initially charged to a vessel and is then heated, typically by http://www.answers.com/topic/condensation of steam inside a metal http://www.answers.com/topic/coil within the vessel. Vapor is thereby continuously generated, and may be condensed to form a liquid distillate, which is collected. In the batch distillation, increments of vapor are formed in equilibrium with all liquid compositions ranging from the original to the final, whereas the continuous equilibrium distillation gives vapor in equilibrium with only the final liquid composition. Since the distillate consists primarily of the more volatile components and the feed liquid contains more of these substances than does the final liquid, the simple batch distillation gives a more http://www.answers.com/topic/enrichment distillate than does the continuous equilibrium distillation.
Refluxing is continually boiling a solvent without evaporation. This is done by using a "reflux condenser" which is a open-ended glass tube with cold water running through the hollow walls. You put the reflux condenser on top of the flask which holds the solvent you are boiling. When the solvent vapors go up into the glass tube, they come in contact with the cold glass (from the circulating cold water inside), and the vapors condense and drip back into the flask. It is a way to boil solvent for a long time without any evaporation and still doing it in an open container. See Web Links to the left for some images and more details.