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The Battle of Vicksburg began at the end of March, 1863, as Union forces defeated Confederate General Pemberton in several encounters, forcing his to begin a withdrawal to the relative safety of the fortress city of Vicksburg. On May19 and May 22, Union forces began attacks on the city, with little success. The Union had 177 dead in the first attack and more than 500 in the second, while doing almost no damage to the Confederates.

On May 25, General Grant began encircling the city tightly with his 35,000 men. Troops were drawn from surrounding states when Grant felt his ring was not tight enough, eventually bringing his strength to 77,000. The Confederates made a number of attacks from outside the fortress against Grant's forces but were defeated in each attempt to break the siege.

On July 3, after 40 days of siege, with no remaining food, Pemberton sent a note to Grant offering to surrender the following day. Grant permitted parole of nearly all the 30,000 men who surrendered, and most of them broke the parole by rejoining the Confederate Army.

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15y ago

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