During the Great Leap Forward, Chinese peasants largely resisted the collectivization of farms, which aimed to consolidate individual landholdings into large collective farms. Many peasants were skeptical of the policies, leading to widespread discontent and reluctance to cooperate. This resistance was exacerbated by poor planning and the resulting famine, which caused immense suffering. Ultimately, the harsh realities of collectivization led to significant dissatisfaction and contributed to the eventual abandonment of the policy.
Peasants.
By 1780 there were no "peasants".
Dekulakization was a campaign in the Soviet Union during the late 1920s and early 1930s aimed at eliminating the kulaks, or wealthier peasants, as a class. This policy involved the confiscation of their land and property, forced collectivization of agriculture, and often resulted in widespread repression, imprisonment, and deportation. The goal was to consolidate agricultural production under state control and eliminate perceived class enemies during the push for rapid industrialization and collectivization. The campaign had devastating social and economic consequences, contributing to famine and suffering in rural areas.
Peasants actually played very little in the way of a role with either revolution. The February Revolution was largely a matter of what people living in urban centers did, and the October Revolution was a coup d'etat by the Bolsheviks.
During the 19th century, Chinese peasants faced severe economic hardships due to factors like population growth, natural disasters, and oppressive taxation. In response, many peasants revolted against the Qing dynasty, leading to significant uprisings such as the Taiping Rebellion, which aimed to address their grievances and improve their living conditions. Additionally, some peasants resorted to banditry or joining secret societies as a means of survival and resistance. These reactions reflected their desperation and the broader social unrest prevalent in China at the time.
Peasants were allowed to keep a small private plot of land for their own food production.
Peasants.
During the collectivization program in the 1930s, the majority of people forcibly relocated to Siberia were kulaks, who were wealthier peasants that resisted collectivization, along with other groups identified as class enemies. This included not only Ukrainians and Russians but also other ethnic minorities who opposed the Soviet regime. The campaign aimed to suppress any resistance to the collectivization policies and to consolidate state control over agriculture. The brutal relocation led to significant suffering and loss of life among these communities.
Mao Zedong, the leader of the Chinese Communist Party, garnered significant support from peasants during the Chinese Civil War. His focus on land reform and promises to redistribute land to the rural populace resonated deeply with the agrarian community. This support was crucial in helping the Communists gain strength and ultimately win the civil war against the Nationalist forces led by Chiang Kai-shek.
During Collectivization under Stalin, the land was seized entirely by the state, then distributed equally between Farmers and Peasants. They then grew crops on the land, with tools either given by the state, or made, and seeds, provided if there weren't any. They would grow crops on the land, then a certain percentage would be kept by them to feed their families, and the rest taken by the state in order to feed others. However, due to a series of bad management issues, and natural famines, the Collectivization program was not 100% successful.
the free peasant suffered during that period because of the military service and the months forced labor
By 1780 there were no "peasants".
Dekulakization was a campaign in the Soviet Union during the late 1920s and early 1930s aimed at eliminating the kulaks, or wealthier peasants, as a class. This policy involved the confiscation of their land and property, forced collectivization of agriculture, and often resulted in widespread repression, imprisonment, and deportation. The goal was to consolidate agricultural production under state control and eliminate perceived class enemies during the push for rapid industrialization and collectivization. The campaign had devastating social and economic consequences, contributing to famine and suffering in rural areas.
Peasants actually played very little in the way of a role with either revolution. The February Revolution was largely a matter of what people living in urban centers did, and the October Revolution was a coup d'etat by the Bolsheviks.
Collectivization, primarily implemented in the Soviet Union during the late 1920s and early 1930s, aimed to consolidate individual landholdings and labor into collective farms. The outcomes were mixed: while it increased state control over agriculture and aimed to boost production, it often led to widespread famine, particularly the Holodomor in Ukraine, resulting in millions of deaths. Additionally, it caused significant social disruption, resistance from peasants, and the destruction of traditional farming practices. Ultimately, collectivization significantly altered the rural landscape and agricultural economy of the affected regions, with long-lasting effects on society.
Mao Zedong and the Communists gained the support of Chinese peasants through a combination of land reform policies, promises of social justice, and effective grassroots organizing. They advocated for the redistribution of land from wealthy landlords to poor farmers, addressing long-standing grievances about inequality. Additionally, the Communists implemented initiatives that improved education and healthcare, which resonated with the rural population. Their ability to mobilize and empower peasants played a crucial role in building a strong base of support during the Chinese Civil War.
godan tells us about the life of peasants during great depression