How did the government of eastern empire compared with that of western empire?

Answer 1

World War I (WWI) or the First World War, formerly called the Great War, was a major war centred on Europe that began in the summer of 1914 and lasted until November 1918. It involved all of the world's great powers,[4] assembled in two opposing alliances: the Allies (centred around the Triple Entente) and the Central Powers.[5] More than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history.[6][7] More than 9 million combatants were killed, largely because of great technological advances in firepower without corresponding advances in mobility. It was the second deadliest conflict in Western history.[8]

The assassination on 28 June 1914 of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, the heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary, was the proximate trigger of the war. Long-term causes, such as imperialistic foreign policies of the great powers of Europe, such as the German Empire, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Ottoman Empire, the Russian Empire, the British Empire, France, and Italy, played a major role. Ferdinand's assassination by a Yugoslav nationalist resulted in a Habsburg ultimatum against the Kingdom of Serbia.[9][10] Several alliances formed over the past decades were invoked, so within weeks the major powers were at war; via their colonies, the conflict soon spread around the world.

On 28 July, the conflict opened with the Austro-Hungarian invasion of Serbia,[11][12] followed by the German invasion of Belgium, Luxembourgand France; and a Russian attack against Germany. After the German march on Paris was brought to a halt, the Western Front settled into a static battle of attrition with a trench line that changed little until 1917. In the East, the Russian army successfully fought against the Austro-Hungarian forces but was forced back by the German army. Additional fronts opened after the Ottoman Empire joined the war in 1914, Italy andBulgaria in 1915 and Romania in 1916. The Russian Empire collapsed in 1917, and Russia left the war after the October Revolution later that year. After a 1918 German offensive along the western front, United States forces entered the trenches and the Allies drove back the German armies in a series of successful offensives. Germany agreed to a cease-fire on 11 November 1918, later known as Armistice Day.

By the war's end, four major imperial powers-the German, Russian, Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman Empires-had been militarily and politically defeated. The latter two ceased to exist.[13] The revolutionised Soviet Union emerged from the Russian Empire, while the map of central Europe was completely redrawn into several smaller states.[14] The League of Nations was formed in the hope of preventing another such conflict. The European nationalism spawned by the war and the breakup of empires, and the repercussions of Germany's defeat and the Treaty of Versaillesled to the beginning of World War II in 1939.[15]

Answer 2

Until the fall of the western part of the Roman Empire the government of the eastern part of the Roman Empire was pretty much the same as that of the western part.

The eastern and western parts of the Roman Empire were two parts of a single empire. Eastern Roman Empire and Western Roman Empire are terms which have been coined by historians. The Romans did not use them. They just said east and west. These two units were created in 286 by the emperor Diocletian, who stressed that the empire was indivisible. In fact, there were alternations between periods with co-emperorship (with one emperor in the west and one in the east) and periods with a sole emperor who ruled the whole empire. This shows the compatibility of the government in the west and that in the east. A new senate was created for the eastern part of the empire.

The east and the west are judged by historians to have become separate empires when Theodosius the Great died in 395. This was not due to an imperial decision to do so. It happened because the two sons of Theodosius, whom he designated as co-emperors (Arcadius in the east and Honorius in the west) were young, inexperienced and incompetent. This resulted in politicians in the east and the west conspiring against each other. Moreover, the west soon became to crumble under the weight of the invasions by the Germanic peoples. During this period of disintegration, the emperor of the east also interfered with politics in the west.

The east was not affected by the invasions and continued to exist for nearly 1,000 years. After the fall of the west, with the loss of the ties with Rome, the east developed differently. Historian have coned the term Byzantine Empire to indicate the eastern part of the Roman Empire after the fall of the western part. The Romans did not use this term, they called it Roman Empire or Romania (this referred to this empire and not the country which was later called Romania).

The term Byzantine is derived from Byzantium, the Greek city which was redeveloped, turned into the imperial capital of the eastern part of the Roman Empire and renamed Constantinople by emperor Constantine the Great in 330. It is used to indicate the fact that not long after the fall of the western part, this empire became centred on Greece and Greek in character after it lost most of its non-Greek territories. Greek replaced Latin as the official language of this empire in 620, some 150 years after the fall of the west