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1st Parachute Division helped defend Monte Cassino. at a guess between 10 000 - 15 000 Made up of 1st Parachute Rifle Regiment 3rd Parachute Rifle Regiment 4th Parachute Rifle Regiment 1st Parachute Artillery Regiment 2 battalions 1st Parachute Anti-Tank Battalion 1st Parachute Engineer Battalion 1st Parachute Machine-gun Battalion I would not expect a parachute division to be that large. Quoting from Carle d'Este, he said the 1st Parachute Division was not full strength. Then later, after the bombing of Monte Cassino, he states: "The defenders of all three levels of the Cassino defenses were Heidrich's tough paratroopers, whose tenacity was unsurpassed inthe war. WHen the New Zealanders entered the ruins of Cassino town ..... .... Some 160 of the 300 paratroopers defending Cassino were crushed to death beneath tons of rubble." "Estimated that it had taken more than 3 tons of bombs for each German paratrooper killed during the battle." He quoted General Von Vietinghoff as saying, "No troops but the 1st Parachute Division could have held Cassino." His book also says that the troops of the 1st Parachute Division occupied the bombed out Abbey. Reference : "Fatal Decision" by Carlo d'Este. In General von Senger's book, he said that the town area of Cassino was under Colonel Heilman's 3rd Parachute Rifle Regiment. Reference: "Neither Hope nor Fear" by General Frido von Senger und Etterlin. BTW, the 4th Parachute Division was also in Italy but at this time it was attacking at Anzio. Later, the 1st and 4th Parachute Divisions were joined in with the I Parachute Corps.

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