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The main Greek influence on Roman art was in sculpture. During the period of the Roman Republic, Roman sculpture was portraiture sculpture (busts). The establishment of rule by emperors saw the introduction of full body statues in the Hellenistic style of the Greeks. Due to the perfection of Greek sculpture the Romans did not try to imitate their sculpture. They either hired Greek sculptors or made reproductions of statues by great Greek sculptors.

The Romans adopted the three Greek orders (styles) for making columns: Doric Ionic and Corinthian. They also introduced the Composite order, which mixed elements of two of the mentioned orders. They used columns to build porticoes and temples. Most of the latter were built in the Greek style. Some of the later temples, instead, were circular and had a dome and were a Roman invention. For the rest, Roman architecture was Roman. The Romans effected what historians have called the Roman architectural revolution which transformed ancient architecture by making large scale use of concrete, the arch and the vaulted arch (or vault).

The Romans learnt mosaic making form the Greeks and most recorded names of Roman mosaic workers are Greek. Sometimes Roman mosaics and frescoes depicted scenes from Greek myths.

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Tyree West

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