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It depends on which period of history are you referring to. If you mean during the time all of them were part of the Spanish, Portuguese and French empires, most of them were "overseas territories" governed by a viceroy appointed by the King or Queen.

After successful independence throughout the 19th century, most of these countries eventually switched to the republic type of government, presided over an elected president and some form of congress. The only exception were Mexico and Brazil, which quite briefly, became "Empires". Due to bad mismanagement and internal turmoil, however, these quickly became republics too -- Mexico in 1822, Brazil in 1889.

During the 20th century, many of these countries turned into dictatorships (Argentina, Chile, Brazil) but nowadays all of them are full-fledged democracies with various degrees of success.

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Madisyn Hayes

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